Hepatoprotective Effect of Camel Milk on Poloxamer 407 Induced Hyperlipidaemic Wistar Rats

Jibril Zuberu; Malajiya I. A. Saleh; Abdul Wahab Alhassan; Bello Y. Adamu; Munira Aliyu; Bilkisu T. Iliya

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2017.158

Authors

Jibril Zuberu Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Malajiya I. A. Saleh Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Abdul Wahab Alhassan Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bauchi State University, Gadau
Bello Y. Adamu Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bauchi State University, Gadau
Munira Aliyu Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Bilkisu T. Iliya Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.158

Keywords:

Camel Milk, Poloxamer 407, Hyperlipidaemia, Liver enzymes, Total Protein

Abstract

AIM: To investigate the effect of oral administration of camel milk on liver enzymes, total proteins and histology of poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidaemic wistar rats.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty male wistar rats weighing between 150-200 g were randomly assigned into six groups of five each; group I: administered distilled water, group II: induced with P407, group III: induced with P407 and treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) and groups IV, V and VI: induced with P407 and treated with camel milk 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg respectively. After three weeks, blood samples and liver tissues were collected for the determination of alkaline phospatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio and histological studies respectively.

RESULTS: All camel milk treated groups showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in ALT and AST. Camel milk treated groups; 250 mg/kg and 1000mg/kg showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in total protein, globulin with all camel milk treated groups having significant (p < 0.05) increase in A/G ratio. Histological examination of liver tissues showed that camel milk at a dose of 250 mg/kg had slight adipocytes infiltration.

CONCLUSION: The results of our findings highlight the hepatoprotective effect of camel milk in poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidaemic wistar rats.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Oguejiofor OO, Onwukwe CH, Odenigbo CU. Dyslipidemia in Nigeria, Prevalence and Pattern, Annals of African Medicine. 2012; 11(4):197-202. https://doi.org/10.4103/1596-3519.102846 PMid:23103917

Day CP, James OF. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits" Gastroenterology. 1998;114(4): 842-845. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70599-2

Dumortier G, Grossiord JL, Agnely F, Chaumeil JC. A review of poloxamer 407 pharmaceutical and pharmacological characteristics. Pharmaceutical Research. 2006.23: 2709â€“2.

Wout ZG, Pec EA, Maggiore J, et al. Poloxamer 407-mediated changes in plasma cholesterol and triglycerides following intraperitoneal injection to rats. Journal of Parenteral Science Technology. 1992; 46:192â€“200. PMid:1474430

Johnston TP, Palmer WK. Mechanism of poloxamer 407-induced hypertriglyceridemia in rats. Biochemical Pharmacology. 1993; 46:1037â€“42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(93)90668-M

Johnston TP. The P-407-induced murine model of dose-controlled hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis: A review of findings to date. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 2004; 43: 595â€“606. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-200404000-00016 PMid:15085072

Korolenko TA, Johnston TP, Tuzikov FV, Tuzikova NA, Pupyshev AB, Spiridonov VK, Goncharova NV, Maiborodin IV, Zhukova NA. Early-stage atherosclerosis in poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemic mice:pathological features and changes in the lipid composition of serum lipoprotein fractions and subfractions. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2016; 15(16): 1-13.

Palmer WK, Emeson EE, Johnston TP. Poloxamer 407-induced atherogenesis in the C57BL/6 mouse. Atherosclerosis. 1998; 136:115â€“23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(97)00193-7

Korolenko TA, Johnston TP, Dubrovina NI, Kisarova YA, Zhanaeva SY, Cherkanova MS, Filjushina EE, Alexeenko TV, Machova E, Zhukova NA. Effect of poloxamer 407 administration on the serum lipids profile, anxiety level and protease activity in the heart and liver of mice. Interdisciplinary Toxicology. 2013;6(1): 18â€“25. https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2013-0004 PMid:24170975 PMCid:PMC3795317

Hyeung SL, Hyo CA, Sae KK. Hypolipemic effect of water extracts of Picrorrhizarhizoma in PX-407 induced hyperlipemic ICR mouse model with hepatoprotective effects: A prevention study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2006;105:380â€“386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.11.010 PMid:16406704

Victor DS, Dorcas BJ, Sunday EA. Ethanolic extracts of Vitex doniana possesses hepatocuractive property in poloxamer induced hyperlipidemia, Science Research. 2014; 2(3): 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20140203.14

Dhaliya SA, Surya AS, Dawn VT, Betty C, Arun K, Sunil C. A review of hyperlipidemia and medicinal plants. Int. JA PS. BMS. 2013;2(4):219-37.

Gizachew A, Teha J, Birhanu T. Review on Medicinal and Nutritional Values of Camel Milk. Nature and Science. 2014; 12(12):35-41.

Al Hashem F. Camel milk protects against aluminium chloride-induced toxicity in the liver and kidney of white albino rats. Am J Biochem Biotechnol. 2009; 5: 98-108. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2009.98.108

Ajamaluddin M, Abdulrahman A, Ewa S, Jerzy J. A study of the anti-diabetic agents of camel milk. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2012; 30:585-92. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2012.1051 PMid:22751901

Zuberu J, Saleh MIA, Alhassan AW, Adamu BY, Aliyu M, Iliya BT. Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activity of Camel Milk on Poloxamer-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats. Journal of African Association of Physiological Science. 2017; 5 (1): 58-66.

Agrawal RP, Swami SC, Beniwal R, Kochar DK, Kothari RP. Effect of camel milk on glycemic control, risk factors and diabetes quality of life in type 1 diabetes: A randomized prospective controlled study. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. 2002; 22: 70-74.

Al-Numair K.S. Type II diabetic rats and the hypolipidemic effect of camel milk. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment. 2010; 8 (2): 77-81.

Woo J, Jae HR, Han JO. The influence of Sam-Chil-Geun (Panax Notoginseng) on the Serum lipid levels and inflammations of rats with hyperlipidemia induced by poloxamer-407. Yonsei Medical Journal. 2010; 51(4):504-510. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2010.51.4.504 PMid:20499414 PMCid:PMC2880261

Wout ZG, Pec EA, Maggiore J, et al. Poloxamer 407-mediated changes in plasma cholesterol and triglycerides following intraperitoneal injection to rats. Journal of Parenteral Science Technology.1992; 46:192â€“200. PMid:1474430

Hor SY, Farsi E, Yam MF, Nuyah NM, Asmawi MZ. Lipid-lowering effects of Coriolus versicolor extract in poloxamer 407-induced hypercholesterolaemic rats and high cholesterol-fed rats. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2011;5(11):2261-2266.

Gibony PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase in asymptomatic patients. American Family Physician. 2005; 71(6): 1105-1110.

Ameh DA, Adejo EB, James DB. Effect of Garcinal kola biflavonoid fractions on some biochemical parameters of P407-induced hyperlipidemia rats: A phytopreventive and phytotheraupeutic studies.Comparative Clinical Pathology. 2013; 24(1): 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-013-1868-4

Johnston TP, Baker JC, Jamal AS, Hall DD, Emeson EE, Palmer WK. Potential down regulation of HMG-CoA reductase after prolonged administration of P-407 in C57BL/6 mice. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1999; 34: 831â€“842. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-199912000-00010 PMid:10598127

Lu LS, Wu CC, Hung LM, Chiang MT, Lin CT, Lin CW, Su MJ. Apocynin alleviated hepatic oxidative burden and reduced liver injury in hypercholesterolaemia. Liver International. 2007;27(4):529-37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01451.x PMid:17403193

Abbas S, Imran R, Nazir A, Qamar MF, Sarfraz L. Effect of camel milk supplementation on blood parameters and liver function of hepatitis patients, American Journal of Ethnomedicine. 2014; 3:129-146.

Helal EGE, Abd-Elwahab SM, Mohammad AA. Effect of camel milk on Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2012; 49: 539â€“55.

Chavan SD, Patil SB, Naikwade NS. Biochemical And Histopathological Studies of Butea Monosperma (Lam) Taub leaves on Paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in Albino rats, Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2012; 5(8):4006-4008.

Saad B, Azaizeh H, Abu-Hijleh G, Said S. Safety of traditional arab herbal medicine. Evidence Based Complement. Alternative Medicine. 2006; 3: 433â€“439. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel058 PMid:17173106 PMCid:PMC1697757

Olorunnisola SO, Graeme B, Anthony JA. Protective Effect of T. violacea Rhizome extract against hypercholesterolemia induced oxidative stress in wistar rats. Molecules. 2012; 6033-6045. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17056033 PMid:22614858

Kaneko JJ, Harvey JW, Bruss ML. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th Edition, Elsevier Academic, Amsterdam, 2008: Pp 356-365.

Cogger VC, Hilmer SN, Sullivan D, Muller M, Fraser R, Le Couteur DG. Hyperlipidemia and surfactants: The liver sieve is a link, Atherosclerosis. 2006; 189:273â€“81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.12.025 PMid:16458315