The Spectrum of Kidney Diseases in Children Associated with Low Molecular Weight Proteinuria

Shpetim Salihu; Katerina Tosheska; Natasa Aluloska; Zoran Gucev; Svetlana Cekovska; Velibor Tasic

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.221

Authors

Shpetim Salihu Department of Neonatology, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Kosovo
Katerina Tosheska Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje
Natasa Aluloska University Childrenâ€™s Hospital, Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje
Zoran Gucev University Childrenâ€™s Hospital, Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje
Svetlana Cekovska Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje
Velibor Tasic University Childrenâ€™s Hospital, Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.221

Keywords:

Proteinuria, Children, Kidney diseases, SDS-PAGE, Outcome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Proteinuria, in addition to haematuria, is the most important laboratory parameter in patients with nephro-urological diseases. Low molecular weight proteinuria (LMWP) is of particular importance because some diseases genetic and tubulointerstitial are diagnosed based on its presence.

AIM: The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical features, the course and outcome of pediatric patients with a renal disease associated with LMWP.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 250 pediatric patients with various kidney diseases in which the type of proteinuria was defined by 4-20% gradient gel sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAG) electrophoresis.

RESULTS: Isolated LMWP was detected in 12% of patients, while mixed glomerulotubular proteinuria was detected in 18% of patients. It was detected in all patients with the Dent-1/2 disease, Lowe's syndrome and secondary Fanconi syndrome. Transient LMWP was also detected in a series of 12 patients with distal renal tubular acidosis. In patients with nephrotic syndrome, it was associated with corticoresistence and unfavourable clinical course.

CONCLUSION: This study contributes to the understanding of the clinical spectrum of various kidney diseases associated with LMWP, their natural course, and the effect of therapy.

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