IL-6 Activities in the Tumour Microenvironment. Part 1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.589Keywords:
Il-6, STAT3, tumor microenvironmentAbstract
The predominant role of IL-6 in cancer is its key promotion of tumour growth. IL-6 binds IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and the membrane-bound glycoprotein gp130. The complex I-6/IL-6R/gp130 starts the Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) or JAK/STAT3 pathway. IL-6R exits in two forms: a membrane-bound IL-6Rα subunit (mIL-6R) that participates in classic signalling pathway and soluble IL-6R subunit (sIL-6R) engaged in trans-signalling. The pro-tumour functions of IL-6 are associated with STAT3, a major oncogenic transcription factor that triggers up-regulation of target genes responsible for tumour cell survival. IL-6 combined with TGF-β induces proliferation of pathogenic Th17 cells. The anti-tumour function of IL-6 is the promotion of anti-tumour immunity. IL-6 trans-signaling contributed to transmigration of lymphocytes in high endothelial venules (HEV). Dendritic cell (DC) secreted IL-6 in the lymph node influences the activation, distribution and polarisation of the immune response. Elevated serum levels of IL-6 and increased expression of IL-6 in tumour tissue are negative prognostic marker for patients’ survival.
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Copyright (c) 2019 Dimitur Chavdarov Chonov (Author); Maria Magdalena Krasimirova Ignatova, Julian Rumenov Ananiev, Maya Vladova Gulubova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0