Effect of Counteracting Lifestyle Barriers through Health Education in Egyptian Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Ammal Mokhtar Metwally; Mona Soliman; Aida M. Abdelmohsen; Wafaa A. Kandeel; Maha Saber; Dalia Mohamed Elmosalami; Noha Asem; Asmaa Mohamed Fathy

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.624

Authors

Ammal Mokhtar Metwally Department of Community Medicine Research, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
Mona Soliman Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Aida M. Abdelmohsen Department of Community Medicine Research, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
Wafaa A. Kandeel Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt; Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
Maha Saber Department of Complementary Medicine Research, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt; Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Giza, Egypt
Dalia Mohamed Elmosalami Department of Community Medicine Research, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
Noha Asem Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Asmaa Mohamed Fathy Department of Community Medicine Research, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.624

Keywords:

Lifestyle, Barriers, Type 2 Diabetes, Health education, Egypt

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Egypt is among the world top 10 countries in diabetes prevalence. It is the first country among the MENA region. Healthy lifestyle education and support help people with diabetes to improve health outcomes. Many physical and psychological barriers can hinder patients from following a healthy lifestyle.

AIM: This study aimed to examine the effect of lifestyle modification educational sessions in helping Egyptian patients to overcome main barriers of diabetes self-management through improving nutritional behaviours, physical activity, medication compliance, and blood glucose monitoring.

METHODS: A cohort study included 205 patients with type 2 diabetes. Baseline assessment of patients' lifestyle behaviours and barriers using personal diabetes questionnaire of Louisville University, with both anthropometric and blood glucose assessment. Interventional lifestyle health education was provided weekly through multiple integrated techniques, followed by a post-intervention assessment to evaluate the effect of the health education sessions. Statistical analysis was done to identify any statistically significant difference before and after the health education intervention.

RESULTS: There was a significant improvement of the post-education mean scores of the studied behaviours when compared with the pre-education scores of the participantsâ€™ behaviours (p < 0.001). There was also a significant reduction in the barriers facing patients to diabetes self-management including nutritional barriers (P < 0.001), medication compliance barriers (P < 0.001) with a percent change (43%), physical activity barriers (p < 0.001), and blood glucose monitoring (p < 0.001) with a percent change (44%).There was a statistically significant positive correlation between improvement of medication compliance (P = 0.027), blood glucose monitoring(P = 0.045), and glycated haemoglobin of the study participants

CONCLUSION: lifestyle modification education of type 2 diabetic patients can overcome the main barriers of following a healthy lifestyle and improve their anthropometric measures and blood glucose level.