Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Cancer â€“ New Insights

Maya Gulubova; Koni Vancho Ivanova; Mehmed Hadzhi; Dimitur Chonov; Maria Magdalena Ignatova; Julian  Ananiev

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.735

Authors

Maya Gulubova Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Koni Vancho Ivanova Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Mehmed Hadzhi Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Dimitur Chonov Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Maria Magdalena Ignatova Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Julian Ananiev Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.735

Keywords:

Classical dendritic cells, Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, MHC I and II antigen presentation, Cross presentation, Th polarisation, Review

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) use effective mechanisms to combat antigens and to bring about adaptive immune responses through their ability to stimulate nÓ“ive T cells. At present, four major cell types are categorised as DCs: Classical or conventional (cDCs), Plasmacytoid (pDCs), Langerhans cells (LCs), and monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs). It was suggested that pDCs, CD1c+ DCs and CD141+ DCs in humans are equivalent to mouse pDCs, CD11b+ DCs and CD8Î±+ DCs, respectively. Human CD141+ DCs compared to mouse CD8Î±+ DCs have remarkable functional and transcriptomic similarities. Characteristic markers, transcription factors, toll-like receptors, T helpers (Th) polarisation, cytokines, etc. of DCs are discussed in this review. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II antigen presentation, cross-presentation and Th polarisation are defined, and the dual role of DCs in the tumour is discussed. Human DCs are the main immune cells that orchestrate the immune response in the tumour microenvironment.