@article{Meutia_Lubis_Megawati_2021, title={Moderate Dose of Lipopolysaccharide Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interleukin-6 Production by Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages}, volume={9}, url={https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/6453}, DOI={10.3889/oamjms.2021.6453}, abstractNote={<div> <p class="Pa6"><strong><span lang="EN-US">BACKGROUND: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Macrophages have been widely used for in vitro studies. Despite different types and doses of stimulatory agents that have been tested, there is no consensus for the method.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Pa6"><strong><span lang="EN-US">AIM: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">This study was aimed to determine a sufficient dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate inflammatory response in macrophages.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Pa6"><strong><span lang="EN-US">METHODS: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Whole blood was collected from four donors after written informed consent. The monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor, LPS, and Interferon-gamma for 6 days until differentiated into macrophages. The production of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified after 24-h further stimulation with 100 ng/mL and 2 μg/mL of LPS.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Pa6"><strong><span lang="EN-US">RESULTS: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Both doses increased TNF-α _production compare to their controls, but not statistically different (p > 0.05). There were also no differences in IL-6 production between treatments, 56.55 ± 32.30 pg/mL and 70.96 ± 65.08 pg/mL, respectively.</span></p> </div> <div><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>A dose of 100 ng/mL of LPS was sufficient to stimulate inflammatory response in human monocyte-derived macrophages. A 24-h duration of macrophage stimulation was sufficient to observed the production TNF-α.</div>}, number={A}, journal={Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences}, author={Meutia, Nuraiza and Lubis, Lokot Donna and Megawati, Eka Roina}, year={2021}, month={Jun.}, pages={468–472} }