Relationship between Self-Esteem and Stress Coping Strategies among Internship Nursing Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.10233Keywords:
Intern, Nursing, Self-esteem, Relationship, Stress Coping StrategiesAbstract
BACKGROUND: Self-esteem is an essential personality trait in nursing professionals and nursing students need to have a high self-esteem and effective coping strategies to be successful in their future career.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the level of self-esteem and the stress coping strategies, used by internship nursing students (intern-nurses), at the completion of their internship training.
METHODS: A descriptive correlational cross-sectional design was used to measure self-esteem and identify the stress coping strategies of intern-nurses at Alexandria University. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire, including the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE). The questionnaire was distributed to all intern-nurses (273 intern-nurses) during their last rotation in the internship training. In total, 150 completed the survey, resulting in 54.9% response rate. SPSS software was used for the analysis.
RESULTS: In total, 150 intern-nurses participated in the study. The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem, and the mean total self-esteem was 29.21/40 ± 4.44. The most frequently used coping strategy was problem-solving, followed by social support, positive thinking, and lastly an avoidance coping strategy. There was a positive correlation between self-esteem with both the problem-solving and social support coping strategies. However, there was a negative correlation between the self-esteem score and the avoidance coping strategy.
CONCLUSION: The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem and they use problem-solving and social support coping strategies to manage stress. Intern-nurses with a high self-esteem cope positively and effectively with stress. Conversely, intern-nurses with a low self-esteem cope negatively with stress. Counseling and stress intervention programs are essential to promote nursing students self-esteem and assist them to develop positive and active stress coping strategies.
Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Gurdogan EP, Uslusoy EC, Kurt S, Yasak K. Comparison of the self esteem and communication skills at the 1st and senior year nursing students. Int J Caring Sci. 2016;9(2):496-502.
Karaca A, Yildirim N, Cangur S, Acikgoz F, Akkus D. Relationship between mental health of nursing students and coping, self- esteem and social support. Nurse Educ Today. 2019;76:44-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.01.029 PMid:30769177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.01.029
Karaca A, Yildirim N, Ankarali H, Açikgöz F, Akkuş D. Nursing students’ perceived levels of clinical stress, stress responses and coping behaviors. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2017;8(1):32-9. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2017.22590 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2017.22590
Yıldırım N, Karaca A, Cangur S, Acıkgoz F, Akkus D. The relationship between educational stress, stress coping, self- esteem, social support, and health status among nursing students in Turkey: A structural equation modeling approach. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;48:33-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.014 PMid:27701030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.014
Ni C, Lo D, Liu X, Yang Q, Ma J, Xu S, Li L. Chinese female nursing students’ coping strategies, self-esteem and related factors in different years of school. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2012;2(4):33-41. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v2n4p33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v2n4p33
Ni C, Liu X, Hua Q, Lv A, Wang B, Yan Y. Relationship between coping, self-esteem, individual factors and mental health among Chinese nursing students: A matched case-control study. Nurse Educ Today. 2010;30(4):338-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.09.003 PMid:19800152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.09.003
Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Transactional theory and research on emotions and coping. Eur J Pers. 1987;1(3):141-69. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410010304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410010304
Hamaideh SH, Al-Omari H, Al-Modallal H. Nursing students’ perceived stress and coping behaviors in clinical training in Saudi Arabia. J Ment Health. 2017;26(3):197-203. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2016.1139067 PMid:26850046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2016.1139067
Labrague LJ, Mcenroe-Petitte DM, Al Amri M, Fronda DC, Obeidat AA. An integrative review on coping skills in nursing students: Implications for policymaking. Int Nurs Rev. 2018;65(2):279-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12393 PMid:28664984 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12393
Kaneko S, Momino K. Stress factors and coping behaviors in nursing students during fundamental clinical training in Japan. Int J Nurs Clin Pract. 2015;2:138. https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2015/138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-4978/2015/138
Ahmed WA, Mohammed BM. Nursing students’ stress and coping strategies during clinical training in KSA. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2019;14(2):116-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.02.002 PMid:31435401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.02.002
Al-Zayyat AS, Al-Gamal E. Perceived stress and coping strategies among Jordanian nursing students during clinical practice in psychiatric/mental health courses. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2014;23(4):326-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12054 PMid:24372812 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12054
Bhurtun HD, Azimirad M, Saaranen T, Turunen H. Stress and coping among nursing students during clinical training: An integrative review. J Nurs Educ. 2019;58(5):266-72. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20190422-04 PMid:31039260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20190422-04
Gurková E, Zeleníková R. Nursing students’ perceived stress, coping strategies, health and supervisory approaches in clinical practice: A Slovak and Czech perspective. Nurse Educ Today. 2018;65:4-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.02.023 PMid:29522963 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.02.023
Hirsch CD, Barlem EL, Almeida LK, Tomaschewski-Barlem JG, Figueira AB, Lunardi VL. Coping strategies of nursing students for dealing with university stress. Rev Bras Enferm. 2015;68(5):501-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167.2015680503i DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167.2015680503i
Lo R. A longitudinal study of perceived level of stress, coping and self-esteem of undergraduate nursing students: An Australian case study. J Adv Nurs. 2002;39(2):119-26. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.02251.x PMid:12100655 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.02251.x
Edwards D, Burnard P, Bennett K, Hebden U. A longitudinal study of stress and self-esteem in student nurses. Nurse Educ Today. 2010;30(1):78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.06.008 PMid:19632748 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.06.008
Acharya PR. Chalise HN. Self-esteem and academic stress among nursing students. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2015;13(4):298-302. https://doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v13i4.16827 PMid:27423278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v13i4.16827
Jaeku K, Kyung K, Hye-Kyung L, Kyung-hee K, Year H, Keum-ho L. Effects of self-esteem and academic stress on depression in Korean students in health care professions. Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2013;22(1):56-64. https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2013.22.1.56 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2013.22.1.56
Valizadeh L, Zamanzadeh V, Gargari RB, Ghahramanian A, Tabrizi FJ, Keogh B. Self-esteem challenges of nursing students: An integrative review. Res Dev Med Educ. 2016;5(1):5-11. https://doi.org/10.15171/rdme.2016.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15171/rdme.2016.003
Ghezelbash S, Rahmani F, Peyrovi H, Inanloo M, Shekarchian S. Comparison of self-esteem among first to fourth year nursing students from universities of medical sciences in Tehran. Thrita. 2015;4(1):e24336. https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita.24336 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/iranjradiol.24336
Duruk N, Kurban NK, Kurban O. An example of nursing students’ self-esteem: Does university education make a difference? Int J Caring Sci. 2017;10(3):1577.
Begley CM, Glacken M. Irish nursing students’ changing levels of assertiveness during their pre-registration programme. Nurse Educ Today. 2004;24(7):501-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2004.06.002 PMid:15465165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2004.06.002
Iacobucci TA, Daly BJ, Lindell D, Griffin MQ. Professional values, self-esteem, and ethical confidence of baccalaureate nursing students. Nurs Ethics. 2013;20(4):479-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733012458608 PMid:23166146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733012458608
Cowin LS, Craven RG, Johnson M, Marsh HW. A longitudinal study of student and experienced nurses’ self-concept. Collegian. 2006;13(3):25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1322-7696(08)60529-6 PMid:17036452 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1322-7696(08)60529-6
Rosenberg, M. Society and the Adolescent Self-Image.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1965. Available From: https://www.fetzer.org/sites/default/files/images/stories/ pdf/selfmeasures/self_measures_for_self-esteem_rosenberg_ self-esteem.pdf [Last accessed on 2020 Jul 08].
Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56(2):267-83. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267 PMid:2926629 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.2.267
Baumstarck K, Alessandrini M, Hamidou Z, Auquier P, Leroy T, Boyer L. Assessment of coping: A new french four-factor structure of the brief COPE inventory. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0581-9 PMid:28077139 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0581-9
Chaves EC, Simão TP, Oliveira IS, Souza IP, Iunes DH, Nogueira DA. Assessment of nursing students’ self-esteem at a university in the South of Minas Gerais (Brazil). Invest Educ Enferm. 2013;31(2):261-9.
Megahed MM, Mohammad FA. Effect of cooperative learning on undergraduate nursing students’ self-esteem: A quasi- experimental study. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2014;4(11):1-7. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v4n11p1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v4n11p1
Dimitriadou-Panteka A, Koukourikos K, Pizirtzidou E. The concept of self-esteem in nursing education and its impact on professional behaviour. Int J Caring Sci. 2014;7(1):6.
Yu EY. Self-esteem and stress-coping strategies of the college students in the department of public health. J Korea Contents Assoc. 2009;9(6):225-36. https://doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2009.9.6.225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2009.9.6.225
Shdaifat E, Jamama A, Al-Amer M. Stress and coping strategies among nursing students. Glob J Health Sc. 2018;10(5):33-41. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n5p33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n5p33
Shaban IA, Khater WA, Akhu-Zaheya LM. Undergraduate nursing students’ stress sources and coping behaviours during their initial period of clinical training: A Jordanian perspective. Nurse Educ Pract. 2012;12(4):204-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.01.005 PMid:22281123 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.01.005
Por J, Barriball L, Fitzpatrick J, Roberts J. Emotional intelligence: Its relationship to stress, coping, well-being and professional performance in nursing students. Nurse Educ Today. 2011;31(8):855-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.12.023 PMid:21292360 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.12.023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Khaled M. Al-Sayaghi, Masouda H. Atrous, Eman A. Alkaluby, Fadi A. Albakoor, Abdulqader Al-Hebshi, Sami M. Aloush, Sami A. AL-Dubai, Mustafa J. Alkhalaf, Hammad A. Fadlalmola (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
