Participatory Action Research to Co-Design Internet-Based HIV Prevention with Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in HIV Prevention in Bali, Indonesia

Dinar Saurmauli Lubis; Cath  Conn; Sari Andajani

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.10622

Authors

Dinar Saurmauli Lubis Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-3892
Cath Conn Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Sari Andajani Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.10622

Keywords:

HIV prevention, Participatory action research, YMSM, Indonesia, Habermas

Abstract

There is increasing awareness of the need to develop innovative and relevant methodologies to best capture the voices of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men (YMSM), which will inform HIV prevention. This article discusses the process of researching with YMSM in Bali, the solution to methodological gaps in research for Internet-based HIV prevention. This research endorsed the Habermas Communicative Action Theory which was then translated to Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology. Nine YMSM aged 18-24 years old participated in this research through multiple research activities for four months. Data collection included structured group meetings, group workshops, informal participant observations, and after-hour conversations over afternoon tea and shared meals. Participants used a range of visual and digital media to share their collective ideas and different trial strategies. We argue for the opportunity for participatory action research to strengthen the roles of YMSM in HIV prevention.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Guadamuz TE, Cheung DH, Wei C, Koe S, Lim SH. Young, online and in the dark: Scaling Up HIV Testing among MSM in ASEAN. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0126658-e. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126658

Health IM. Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey 2018- 2019. Jakarta: Ministry of Health Republic Indonesia; 2019.

Anand T, Nitpolprasert C, Kerr SJ, Apornpong T, Ananworanich J, Phanuphak P, et al. Implementation of an online HIV prevention and treatment cascade in Thai men who have sex with men and transgender women using Adam’s love electronic health record system. J Virus Erad. 2017;3(1):15-23. PMid:28275454 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2055-6640(20)30293-4

Nugroho A, Erasmus V, Coulter RW, Koirala S, Nampaisan O, Pamungkas W, et al. Driving factors of retention in care among HIV-positive MSM and transwomen in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2018;13(1):e0191255. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191255 PMid:29342172 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191255

Shrestha R, Lim SH, Altice FL, Copenhaver M, Wickersham JA, Saifi R, et al. Use of smartphone to seek sexual health information online among malaysian men who Have sex with men (MSM): Implications for mHealth intervention to increase HIV testing and reduce HIV risks. J Community Health. 2020;45(1):10-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00713-x PMid:31375976 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00713-x

Han L, Wei C, Muessig KE, Bien CH, Meng G, Emch ME, et al. HIV test uptake among MSM in China: Implications for enhanced HIV test promotion campaigns among key populations. Glob Public Health. 2017;12(1):31-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2015.1134612 PMid:26785328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2015.1134612

Sykes S, Wills J, Popple K. The role of community development in building critical health literacy. Community Dev J. 2017;53:53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsx019

Grov C, Breslow AS, Newcomb ME, Rosenberger JG, Bauermeister JA. Gay and bisexual men’s use of the Internet: Research from the 1990s through 2013. J Sex Res. 2014;51(4):390-409. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2013. 871626 PMid:24754360 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2013.871626

Lupton D. Health promotion in the digital era: A critical commentary. Health Promot Int. 2015;30(1):174-83. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau091 PMid:25320120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau091

Joint United Nations Program for HIV/AIDS. Fast-tracking Combination Prevention. Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Program for HIV/AIDS; 2015.

Joint United Nations Program for HIV/AIDS. Get on the Fast- Track: The Life-Cycle Approach to HIV. Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Program for HIV/AIDS; 2016.

Blackwood E. Regulation of sexuality in Indonesian discourse: Normative gender, criminal law and shifting strategies of control. Cult Health Sex. 2007;9(3):293-307. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691050601120589 PMid:17457732 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13691050601120589

Chaplin B, Cox L, Campbell C. Researching Marginalized Populations: Methodological Challenges in Transgender Research. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Research Methods Cases Part 2; 2018. p. 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526447449

Dean L, Meyer IH, Robinson K, Sell RL, Sember R, Silenzio VM, et al. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health: Findings and concerns. J Gay Lesbian Med Assoc. 2000;4(3):102-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009573800168

Kemmis S, McTaggart R, Nixon R. The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Berlin: Springer; 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-67-2

Habermas J. The Theory of Communicative Action: Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Vol. 1. Boston: Beacon Press; 1985.

Lubis DS, Conn C, Andajani S. Developing HIV prevention online using a habermasian ‘lifeworld’ approach with young men who have sex with men from Bali. Soc Work Public Health. 2021;36(6):749-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2021.1939830 PMid:34241581 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2021.1939830

Integrated Processing and Statistics Dissemination Division. Bali Province in Figures 2020. BPS-Statistics of Bali Province; 2020. Report No.: Publication Number 51560.2002.

Indonesia Ministry of Health. Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey 2018-2019. Indonesia: Indonesia Ministry of Health; 2019.

Macdonald C. Understanding participatory action research: A qualitative research methodology option. Canadian J Act Res. 2012;13(2):34-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33524/cjar.v13i2.37

Staples L. Participatory practice: Community-based action for transformative Change. by Ledwith, M, and Springett J. Social Work with Groups. 2010;33(4):350-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2010.490897

Kemmis S, McTaggart R, Nixon R. The SAGE Handbook of Action Research. 3rd ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd; 2015.

Holzner B, Oetomo D. Youth, sexuality and sex education messages in Indonesia: Issues of desire and control. Reprod Health Matters. 2004;12(23):40-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0968-8080(04)23122-6 PMid:15242209 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(04)23122-6

Jacquez F, Vaughn LM, Wagner E. Youth as partners, participants or passive recipients: A review of children and adolescents in community-based participatory research (CBPR). Am J Community Psychol. 2013;51(1-2):176-89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-012-9533-7 PMid:22718087 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-012-9533-7

Iwokwagh N. Enlarging Participatory Communicative Spaces on Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health in Nigeria: A Look at New Media Technologies. Taiwan, Jiangsu: New Media Technologies; 2017. p. 37-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27786-8_5

Conn C, Cammock R, Lilo LS, Nayar S. Fijian youth entrepreneurs: Championing health through sustainable food systems. Health Promot Int. 2021;36(2):449-59, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa047 PMid:32830248 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa047

DeJonckheere M, Vaughn LM, Bruck D. Youth-Led Participatory Action Research: A Collaborative Methodology for Health, Education, and Social Change. London: Collaborative Education; 2017. Available from https://www.methods.sagepub.com/case/youth-led-participatory-action-researchhealth-education-social-change [Last accessed on 2020 Mar 03]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473956032

Conn C, Nayar S, Lubis D, Maibvisira C, Modderman K. Vulnerable youth as prosumers in HIV prevention: Studies using participatory action research. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2017;3(3):e53. https://doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.7812 PMid:28807890 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.7812

Iwasaki Y, Springett J, Dashora P, McLaughlin AM, McHugh TL, Team YY. Youth-guided youth engagement: Participatory action research (PAR) with high-risk, marginalized youth. Child Youth Serv. 2014;35(4):316-42.