Effect of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE on Nasal Congestion in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.10794Keywords:
Allergic rhinitis, Interleukin concentration, Acoustic rhinometry, Nasal congestionAbstract
Objective
Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic nasal disease provoked by exposure of the nasal mucosa to allergens, resulting in IgE-mediated inflammation. Swelling of the nasal mucosa is caused by interstitial mucosal edema due to leakage of plasma fluid and congestion of the nasal mucosal vessels and imbibition of the perivascular space. The method for determining the cross-sectional area as a function of airway distance is known as acoustic rhinometry. By using this approach, it is possible to determine the area as a function of the distance in the airways.
Methods
IL and IgE levels were measured in serum and nasal lavage with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) - Invitrogen ELISA kit. The results were expressed as optical density (OD) at 450 nm and calculated according to the OD of the standart.
For our study A1 Acoustic Rhinometer, GM instruments Ltd., Kilwining, Scotland was chosen. Data analysis was performed after two measurements were taken: before and after nasal decongestion, with drops containing 0.1% Xylometazoline hydrochloride.
Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc.).
All participants, after detailed presentation of the aims, tasks and methodology of the study and the opportunity for discussion, signed an informed consent form.
Results
The study was conducted on the territory of the University Hospital in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria and 111 participants, aged from 19 to 84 years, were examined. Data analysis was performed after two acoustic rhinometry measurements, respectively, before and after nasal decongestion.
Conclusion
The published results show that there is an inverse relationship between the degree of nasal congestion (determined by acoustic rhinometry) and the serum concentration of proinflammatory cytokines.
Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Khoshkhui M, Alyasin S, Sarvestani EK, Amin R, Ariaee N. Evaluation of serum interleukin-35 level in children with persistent asthma. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2017;35(2):91-5. https://doi.org/10.12932/AP0761 PMid:27996283 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12932/AP0761
Meng Y, Wang C, Zhang L. Recent developments and highlights in allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 2019;74(12):2320-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14067 PMid:31571226 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14067
Zhu X, Cong J, Yang B, Sun Y. Association analysis of high-mobility group box-1 protein 1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 with nasal interleukins in allergic rhinitis patients. Cytokine. 2020;126:154880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154880 PMid:31739216 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154880
Pendolino AL, Nardello E, Lund VJ, Maculan P, Scarpa B, Martini A, et al. Comparison between unilateral PNIF and rhinomanometry in the evaluation of nasal cycle. Rhinology. 2018;56(2):122-6. https://doi.org/10.4193/Rhin17.168 PMid:29055966 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4193/Rhin17.168
Eguiluz-Gracia I, Testera-Montes A, Salas M, Perez-Sanchez N, Ariza A, Bogas G, et al. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of acoustic rhinometry and symptoms score for nasal allergen challenge monitoring. Allergy. 2021;76(1):371-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14499 PMid:32687610 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14499
Tacheva T, Dimov D, Vlaykova T. Gelatinases in COPD and bronchial asthma. Sci Technol Med. 2012;2(1):255-60.
Gan H, Du J, Ouyang H, Cheng J, Mao H. Interleukin-27 inhibits helper T cell Type-2 response in allergic rhinitis. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2020;47(1):84-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2019.05.005 PMid:31155348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2019.05.005
Augé J, Vent J, Agache I, Airaksinen L, Mozo PC, Chaker A, et al. EAACI position paper on the standardization of nasal allergen challenges. Allergy. 2018;73(8):1597-608. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13416 PMid:29377177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13416
Farahpour MR, Sheikh S, Kafshdooz E, Sonboli A. Accelerative effect of topical Zataria multiflora essential oil against infected wound model by modulating inflammation, angiogenesis, and collagen biosynthesis. Pharm Biol. 2021;59(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2020.1861029 PMid:33378625 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2020.1861029
Eguiluz-Gracia I, Testera-Montes A, González M, Pérez-Sánchez N, Ariza A, Salas M, et al. Safety and reproducibility of nasal allergen challenge. Allergy. 2019;74(6):1125-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13728 PMid:30667530 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13728
Shirkani A, Mansouri A, Hosseini RF, Azad FJ, Mahmoudian RA, Montazer M, et al. The role of interleukin-4 and 13 gene polymorphisms in allergic rhinitis: A case control study. Rep Biochem Mol Biol. 2019;8(2):111-8. PMid:31832433
Campo P, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Bogas G, Salas M, Serón CP, Pérez N, et al. Local allergic rhinitis: Implications for management. Clin Exp Allergy. 2019;49(1):6-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13192 PMid:29900607 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13192
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Atanas Vlaykov, Katarzyna Miśkiewicz-Orczyk (Author)
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0