COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index Instrument – Translation and Validation of Bulgarian Version

Rumyana Stoyanova; Anna Mihaylova; Petya Kasnakova; Desislava Bakova; Stanislava Harizanova; Zlatina Zheleva; Tanya Deneva; Delyana Davcheva; Elka Toseva

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.10896

Authors

Rumyana Stoyanova Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-6323
Anna Mihaylova Medical College, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7674-6074
Petya Kasnakova Medical College, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Desislava Bakova Department of Health Care Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-8854
Stanislava Harizanova Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-6685
Zlatina Zheleva Department of Languages and Specialized Training, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-6996
Tanya Deneva Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-4230
Delyana Davcheva Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-1647
Elka Toseva Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.10896

Keywords:

COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index, Psychological distress, Psychological impact, Validation, Reliability

Abstract

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI) self-report questionnaire was designed to measure peritraumatic psychological distress in a pandemic emergency.

AIM: The aim of the study was the validation of Bulgarian COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI) questionnaire and its application to measure psychological distress level in Bulgarian population.

METHODS: The study was conducted among 42 adults from February 2022 to March 2022. The average age of respondents participating in the validation of COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI) questionnaire is 40.88 ± 13.309, women being predominant - 71.4% (n = 30), as well as individuals with higher education- 69% (n = 29). Following the preliminary instruction, all participants filled out the online Bulgarian version of the questionnaire anonymously 2 times within a period of 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Cronbach’s alpha, and Corrected Item-Total Correlation.

RESULTS: The CPDI instrument was linguistically validated according to a standard procedure (8) and cross-culturally adapted (9) into Bulgarian in several stages. The overall Cronbach’s alpha for the Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire is 0.940. Almost all corrected item-total correlations exceeded the accepted cut off of 0.30 indicating each item was related to the overall scale except for Q5 “I feel sympathetic to COVID-19 patients and their families.”

CONCLUSION: The Bulgarian version of the questionnaire reveals good reliability and cross-cultural validity and can be applied widely for measuring the prevalence of psychological suffering and distress in the pandemic emergency.

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