Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Intra-articular Injection of Chondroitin Sulfate and Sodium Hyaluronate in Mechanically Induced Temporomandibular Joint Injury in Rabbits

Lubna K. Elsayed; Eman Elsharrawy; Mohammed Elsholkamy; Mona K. Tawfik

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.11170

Authors

Lubna K. Elsayed Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-7443
Eman Elsharrawy Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Mohammed Elsholkamy Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Mona K. Tawfik Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.11170

Keywords:

TMJ, Osteoarthritis, Chondroitin sulfate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Intraarticular injection

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Degenerative arthritis is the most common form of arthritis, usually affecting the hands, feet, spine, knees, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as well. TMJ degenerative arthritis causes symptoms of painful joints, loss of joint function, limited mouth opening, joint instability, and clicking. Non-surgical symptomatic treatments can successfully be used to treat patients with degenerative arthritis.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of intra-articular injection of chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate in mechanically induced acute injury in TMJ of rabbits.

METHODS: An animal study was conducted, all rabbits received a mechanical injury using a contra-angle handpiece with a speed of 120 rpm of a fissure bur 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth extending to subchondral bone. Thirty-two rabbits were randomized into four groups: Control group, sodium hyaluronate “SH” group, chondroitin sulfate “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group. After 7 days, rabbits in the control group, “SH” group, “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group were respectively treated with normal saline, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, or combination of CS&SH injection in the TMJ. All animals were treated once weekly for 3 weeks. A histological evaluation was performed.

RESULTS: Histological findings showed a significantly reduced inflammatory cell, bone resorption, and fibrosis in the CS-HA-treated group.

CONCLUSION: CS-SH injection has an anti-inflammatory effect on TMJ degenerative arthritis and aids in the reparative process.

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