Motivational Intervention to Modify Knowledge about Periodontal Disease Prevention in Pregnant Women

Mariano Wenceslao Ortiz-Pizarro; Maripaz Stephania Cabrera-Zapata; Christian  Alva; Miriam De Jesus Arellanos-Tafur; Víctor  Serna-Alarcon; David Rene Rodríguez-Díaz

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2023.11612

Authors

Mariano Wenceslao Ortiz-Pizarro School of Medicine, Cesar Vallejo University, Trujillo, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-9997
Maripaz Stephania Cabrera-Zapata School of Dentistry, Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo Catholic University, Chiclayo, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-0092
Christian Alva School of Dentistry, Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo Catholic University, Chiclayo, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-5534
Miriam De Jesus Arellanos-Tafur School of Dentistry, Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo Catholic University, Chiclayo, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7170-7597
Víctor Serna-Alarcon School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Antenor Orrego Private University, Trujillo, Peru; Cayetano Heredia III ESSALUD Hospital, Piura, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-6217
David Rene Rodríguez-Díaz School of Medicine, Cesar Vallejo University, Trujillo, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-3576

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11612

Keywords:

Periodontal diseases, Pregnancy, Health education, Knowledge

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, periodontal disease during pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes, low birth weight, and pre-term birth.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the level of knowledge about periodontal disease prevention, before and after applying a motivational educational intervention in pregnant women at a primary health-care center.

METHODS: Quasi-experimental study in 180 pregnant women from a health center, during the period September to December 2022. The data collection technique was a questionnaire survey with satisfactory characteristics of validity and reliability. An educational intervention with a motivational approach was developed, which was validated in a pre-liminary pilot test. The Wilcoxon statistical test was used to compare knowledge before and after the intervention, and the Chi-square test to assess the association between variables.

RESULTS: The age and educational level that pre-dominated were 21–30 years and complete secondary school, respectively. A significant difference was found between the level of knowledge before and after in pregnant women (p < 0.001). There was no association between the level of knowledge about periodontal disease prevention with age and educational level in pregnant women at the health center, before and after a motivational intervention (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The motivational educational intervention managed to significantly improve the level of knowledge in pregnant women about the prevention of periodontal disease; however, it was not associated with age and educational level.

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