False Prolongation of Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time with Aminoglycoside Antimicrobial Agents: A Case Report

Hiroki Doi; Michiko Osawa; Ayane Ozaki; Seiko Sato; Takashi Fujita; Hidehiko Akiyama; Hiroyasu Ito

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2023.11755

Authors

Hiroki Doi Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3595-6235
Michiko Osawa Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
Ayane Ozaki Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
Seiko Sato Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
Takashi Fujita Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
Hidehiko Akiyama Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
Hiroyasu Ito Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan; Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4836-4001

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11755

Keywords:

Activated partial thromboplastin time, Lupus anticoagulant, APTT prolongation, Aminoglycoside antimicrobial, Tobramycin

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is a clotting time assay for screening bleeding tendency, evaluating coagulation factor production capacity, assessing preoperatively, monitoring anticoagulant drugs, and searching for blood coagulation abnormalities such as hemophilia and antiphospholipid syndrome.

CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we present a 77-year-old male patient with dyspnea who was suspected to have a drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and pulmonary mycosis. The patient had no history of bleeding tendencies or anticoagulant medication use. The laboratory test results revealed an abnormally prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of 120.3 s using the Coagpia® APTT-N reagent. The APTT test is frequently used to evaluate blood clotting function and assess for bleeding disorders. Prolonged APTT can indicate coagulation factor deficiencies or the presence of certain conditions such as von Willebr and disease, hemophilia, and disseminated intravascular syndrome. However, APTT standardization has not been achieved, causing discrepancies in test results due to variations in the reagents used. The prolonged APTT, in this case, was initially suspected to be caused by contamination or other artifacts, but repeat blood collections and cross-mixing tests revealed the Coagpia® APTT-N reagent as the cause of false prolongation. The reagent was changed to HemosIL SynthASil APTT, which revealed a normal APTT result. The patient had been receiving the aminoglycoside antimicrobial agent tobramycin, and the blood sample taken at the peak tobramycin level demonstrated the longest APTT time. The APTT shortened over time, corresponding to the decrease in tobramycin blood levels.

CONCLUSION: Overall, this paper reports a case of false APTT prolongation due to a specific APTT reagent in the presence of aminoglycoside antimicrobial agents. The findings underscore the difficulties in standar PTT testing and the importance of considering reagent performance characteristics in result interpretations.

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