CD14 Gene (−159 C>T) Polymorphism and its Surface Expression on Monocytes in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

Atia Ali; Romeeza Tahir; Faheem Shahzad; Muhammad Kashif; Shah Jahan; Nadeem Afzal

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2020.3723

Authors

Atia Ali Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Romeeza Tahir Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Faheem Shahzad Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Kashif Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Shah Jahan Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Nadeem Afzal Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3723

Keywords:

CD14 gene (-159 C>T) polymorphism, Tuberculosis, monocytes, single nucleotide polymorphism

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that affects millions of people around the world. The innate immune response against TB starts by interaction of several receptors on monocytes with mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). CD14 is one of these receptors present on the monocytes which facilitate the entry of MTB into the cell. Certain polymorphisms in CD14 gene, for example, CD14 (−159 C>T) in the promotor region have suggested susceptibility of TB.

AIM: This study was designed to determine and compare CD14 (−159 C>T) gene polymorphism and its surface expression in pulmonary TB patients (before and during anti-TB treatment) and healthy controls.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population comprised three groups (pulmonary TB patients before treatment, pulmonary TB patients during treatment, and healthy controls) whereas 53 blood samples were collected from each group. The percentage of monocytes and CD14 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was measured by flow cytometry whereas polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine gene polymorphism.

RESULTS: CD14 MFI was significantly high in healthy controls than in TB patients (432 as compared to 193 and 365, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in CD14 single nucleotide polymorphism allele frequencies or genotypes between TB patients and healthy controls.

CONCLUSION: CD14 gene (−159 C>T) polymorphism was not associated with pulmonary TB disease in a sample of Pakistani population and surface expression of CD14 receptor on peripheral blood monocytes decreases with active TB disease and during treatment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

O’Garra A, Redford PS, McNab FW, Bloom CI, Wilkinson RJ, Berry MP. The immune response in tuberculosis. Annu Rev Immunol. 2013;31:475-52. https://doi.org/10.1146/ annurev-immunol-032712-095939 PMid:23516984

World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015; 2015. Available from: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_ report/en. [Last accessed on 2016 May 25].

CDC. Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2014. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2015. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/ reports/2014/pdfs/tb-surveillance-2014 report.pdf. https://doi. org/10.1037/e364332004-001. [Last accessed on 2016 Nov 14]

Hossain M, Norazmi MN. Pattern recognition receptors and cytokines in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection-the double-edged sword? Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:179174. https://doi. org/10.1155/2013/179174 PMid:24350246

Natarajan K, Kundu M, Sharma P, Basu J. Innate immune responses to M. tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis. 2011;91(5):427-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2011.04.003 PMid:21550855

Ferrero E, Goyert SM. Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the monocyte differentiation antigen, CD14. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988;16(9):4173. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.9.4173 PMid:2453848

Hmama Z, Peña-Díaz S, Joseph S, Av-Gay Y. Immunoevasion and immunosuppression of the macrophage by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Immunol Rev. 2015;264(1):220-32. https://doi. org/10.1111/imr.12268 PMid:25703562

Guirado E, Schlesinger LS, Kaplan G. Macrophages in tuberculosis: Friend or foe. Semin Immunopathol. 2013;35(5):563-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-013-0388-2 PMid:23864058

Cliff JM, Kaufmann SH, McShane H, Helden P, O’garra, A. The human immune response to tuberculosis and its treatment: A view from the blood. Immunol Rev. 2015;264(1):88-102. https:// doi.org/10.1111/imr.12269 PMid:25703554

Lastrucci C, Bénard A, Balboa L, Pingris K, Souriant S, Poincloux R, et al. Tuberculosis is associated with expansion of a motile, permissive and immunomodulatory CD16+ monocyte population via the IL-10/STAT3 axis. Cell Res. 2015;25(12):1333- 51. https://doi.org/10.1038/cr.2015.123 PMid:26482950

Guggino G, Orlando V, Cutrera S, La Manna MP, Di Liberto D, Vanini V, et al. Granzyme a as a potential biomarker of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease. Immunol Lett. 2015;166(2):87-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2015.05.01 PMid:26051682

Lipner EM, Garcia BJ, Strong M. Network analysis of human genes influencing susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. PloS One. 2016;11(1):e0146585. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0146585 PMid:26751573

LeVan TD, Bloom JW, Bailey TJ, Karp CL, Halonen M, Martinez FD, et al. A common single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD14 promoter decreases the affinity of Sp protein binding and enhances transcriptional activity. J Immunol. 2001;167(10):5838-44. https://doi.org/10.4049/ jimmunol.167.10.5838 PMid:11698458

Su J, Cui J, Xue HT, Tian JH, Zhang JH. Study on the correlation between CD14 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2017;21(19):4292-7. PMid:29077168

Rosas-Taraco AG, Revol A, Salinas-Carmona MC, Rendon A, Caballero-Olin G, Arce-Mendoza AY. CD14 C (-159) T polymorphism is a risk factor for development of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(11):1698-8. https://doi. org/10.1086/522147 PMid:18008256

Kang YA, Lee HW, Kim YW, Han SK, Shim YS, Yim JJ. Association between the-159C/T CD14 gene polymorphism and tuberculosis in a Korean population. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2009;57(3):229-35. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1574-695x.2009.00602.x PMid:19758335

Zhao MY, Xue Y, Zhao ZQ, Li FJ, Fan DP, Wei LL, et al. Association of CD 14 G (-1145) A and C (-159) T polymorphisms with reduced risk for tuberculosis in a Chinese Han population. Genet Mol Res. 2012;11(3):3425-31. https://doi. org/10.4238/2012.september.25.11 PMid:23079836

Miao R, Ge H, Xu L, Xu F. CD14-159C/T polymorphism contributes to the susceptibility to tuberculosis: Evidence from pooled 1,700 cases and 1,816 controls. Mol Biol Rep. 2014;41(5):3481-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3210-x PMid:24519436

Ayaslioglu E, Kalpaklioglu F, Kavut AB, Erturk A, Capan N, Birben E. The role of CD14 gene promoter polymorphism in tuberculosis susceptibility. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2013;46(3):158-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2012.05.008

Phenol-Chloroform Isoamyl Alcohol (PCI) DNA Extraction [Online]. [Modified from protocols by Barker et al. (1998)]. Available from: http://ccoon.myweb.usf.edu/ecoimmunology. org/About_Home.html.

Wang J, Yin Y, Wang X, Pei H, Kuai S, Gu L, et al. Ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes in peripheral blood in patients diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Braz J Infect Dis. 2015;19(2):125-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2014.10.008 PMid:25529365

Rakotosamimanana N, Richard V, Raharimanga V, Gicquel B, Doherty TM, Zumla A, et al. Biomarkers for risk of developing active tuberculosis in contacts of TB patients: A prospective cohort study. Eur Respir J. 2015;46(4):1095-103. https://doi. org/10.1183/13993003.00263-2015 PMid:26250497

Ojurongbe O, Funwei RI, Snyder TJ, Aziz N, Li Y, Falade CO, et al. Genetic diversity of CD14 promoter gene polymorphism (rs2569190) is associated with regulation of malaria parasitemia and susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum infection. Infect Dis (Auckl). 2017;10:1-6. https://doi. org/10.1177/1178633617726781 PMid:28970738

Zacarias JM, Alencar JB, Tsuneto PY, Souza VH, Silva CO, Visentainer JE, et al. The influence of TLR4, CD14, OPG, and RANKL polymorphisms in periodontitis: A case-control study. Inflamm Mediators Periodontal Pathog. 2019;2019:10. https:// doi.org/10.1155/2019/4029217

Alavi-Naini R, Salimi S, Sharifi-Mood B, Davoodikia AA, Moody B, Naghavi A. Association between the CD14 gene C-159T polymorphism and serum soluble CD14 with pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012;16(10):1383-7. https:// doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.11.0827 PMid:23107636