The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms in the Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon at South Sumatra, Indonesia Population

Authors

  • Ali Ghanie Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Radiyati Umi Partan Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Taufik Indrajaya Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Zulkhair Ali Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Mgs Irsan Saleh Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Rachmat Hidayat Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3802

Keywords:

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System, Gene Polymorphisms, Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is believed to be affected by endothelial dysfunction ruled by renin, angiotensin, aldosterone, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The gene of ACE has been characterized in humans by a major insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism. Serum ACE levels were associated with I/D polymorphism in the ACE-encoding gene.

AIM: This study explored and analyzed the role of ACE gene polymorphism risk factors with the incidence of CSFP in the population of South Sumatra, Indonesia.

METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study. A total of 112 CSFP and non- CSFP patients participated in this study. Blood was obtained from the study subjects then processed. Angiotensin I and aldosterone levels were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Judkins method was used in the assessment of coronary angiography, which was carried out through the femoral artery. For the examination of ACE I/D polymorphisms, genome deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from blood cells (leukocytes), using the Wizard’s purification system and examined using the polymerase chain reaction method. All data were evaluated through the Chi-square test, two samples t-test, and Mann–Whitney U-test. All tests used two-sided significance and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: ACE I/D gene polymorphism possessed a significant effect in increasing the risk of CSFP. Genotype II polymorphism increased the risk of CSFP as much as 6.9 times compared to individuals with ID/DD genotype. The existence of allele I increased the risk of CSFP 5.7 times compared to allele D. Levels of angiotensin I and aldosterone were increased significantly in patients with CSFP.

CONCLUSION: ACE I/D gene polymorphism possessed a significant effect in increasing the risk of CSFP. Genotype of II was the risk factor for the development of CSFP in population of South Sumatra, Indonesia.

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Published

2020-05-13

How to Cite

1.
Ghanie A, Partan RU, Indrajaya T, Ali Z, Saleh MI, Hidayat R. The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms in the Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon at South Sumatra, Indonesia Population. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2020 May 13 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];8(A):225-30. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/3802

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