Prognostic impact of Additional Chromosomal Abnormalities in Egyptian Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Authors

  • Yasser H. ElNahass Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Fom El Khalig square - El Manial, Cairo, Egypt
  • Magda M. Assem Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Fom El Khalig square - El Manial, Cairo, Egypt
  • Magdy M. Saber Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Fom El Khalig square - El Manial, Cairo, Egypt
  • Sarah K. Abdalla Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Fom El Khalig square - El Manial, Cairo, Egypt
  • Hossam K. Mahmoud Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Fom El Khalig square - El Manial, Cairo, Egypt
  • Fatma A. ElRefaey National Cancer Institute of Cairo University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4259

Keywords:

Chronic myeloid leukemia, Additional chromosomal abnormalities, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Overall survival, Event free survival

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Emergence of additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with disease progression to advanced phases and reflects the genetic instability of CML.

AIM: Is to evaluate the frequency of ACAs in chronic phase (CP) and advanced disease (AP) CML patients and study their impact on patient’s outcome, overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS).

RESULTS: The studied group (n = 73) included 31 males (43%) and 42 females (57%). Median age of patients at diagnosis was 37 years (17–76). Median TLC was 208×109/L (2.1–784.2), median Hb was 9.4 g/dL (5.7–13), and median platelets count was 290.5×109/L (13–1271). We identified 32 patients (44%) with ACAs. ACAs emergence was significantly associated with advanced phases of CML (13/21, 62%) compared to CP (19/52, 36%) (p = 0.048). ACAs were associated with lower median OS and EFS in CP compared to AP (38 vs. 120 ms) and (58.3 vs. 77 ms) (p = 0.026 and p = 0.065, respectively). Early molecular responders (6/17, 35%) at 3 months, and 6 months (10/26, 38%) developed ACAs less than nonoptimal responders. Disease phase, hepatomegaly and bone marrow eosinophilia were significant predictors of OS (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, p = 0.04, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Early identification of ACAs in Ph+ metaphases at diagnosis and during therapy predicts CML outcome. ACAs emergence occurred at a higher frequency and at a younger age in our CML patients and are related to inferior EFS and OS.

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Published

2020-07-20

How to Cite

1.
ElNahass YH, Assem MM, Saber MM, Abdalla SK, Mahmoud HK, ElRefaey FA. Prognostic impact of Additional Chromosomal Abnormalities in Egyptian Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2020 Jul. 20 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];8(B):623-30. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/4259