The Effect of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium polyanthum) on Reducing Overexpression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-13 in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Refli Hasan; Gontar Alamsyah Siregar; Dharma Lindarto

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2020.4940

Authors

Refli Hasan Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Dharma Lindarto Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4940

Keywords:

matrix metalloproteinase, immunohistochemistry, acute coronary syndrome, bay leaf, plant extract

Abstract

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the inhibitory effect of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (MMP-9 and MMP-13) inhibitory effect in surgery-induced acute coronary syndrome (ACS) rat model.

METHODS: This study was experimental animal study. Thirty-two surgery-induced ACS Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into 16 bay leaf extract (treatment) group and 16 control groups were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 after induction. Expressions of MMP-9 and MMP-13 were determined by immunohistochemistry and its scoring was assessed by two-blinded experienced pathologists. The immunohistochemical scoring of MMP-9 and MMP-13 between groups was analyzed using independent sample t-test and within groups by using one-way ANOVA test.

RESULTS: The expression of MMP-13 in treatment group was decreased compared to control group on days 7 and 14 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.015, respectively). Compared to day 1, the reduction expression of MMP-13 was significant in both control group and treatment group (p = 0.009 and p = 0.003, respectively). There were no significant changes in expression of MMP-9 between groups, and within control group and treatment group.

CONCLUSION: Bay leaf can reduce the overexpression of MMP-13 in surgery-induced ACS rat model. Bay leaf extract can be considered to be given as an adjuvant to prevent cardiovascular adverse event and adverse cardiac remodeling post-ACS.

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