The Effects of Personal, Environmental, and Genetic Factors on Epidemic of Coronavirus Disease-19: A Review of the Current Literature

Salar  Bakhtiyari; Amin Mirzaei; Mohsen  Jalilian; Sajad  Mazlomi; Heshmatollah  Nourmoradi; Hojatollah  Kakaei

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2020.5098

Authors

Salar Bakhtiyari Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Amin Mirzaei Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Mohsen Jalilian Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Sajad Mazlomi Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Heshmatollah Nourmoradi Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Biotechnology and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Hojatollah Kakaei Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5098

Keywords:

Coronavirus disease-19 outbreak, Public health, Environmental factors, Genetic, Occupations

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a viral disease that broke out in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization has been forced to declare a public health emergency due to the global outbreak of COVID-19. The concerns about the COVID-19 disease are the rapid increase in the number of patients as well as the number of deaths compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome disease. Given that there is a remarkable variability amongst people for COVID-19 infection, there really is the possibility that there will be genetic and environmental effects, it is a need for their role to be fully clarified as soon as possible. Numerous studies have been performed on the on the stability of COVID-19 virus in different environmental conditions including temperature and humidity. In this study, we aimed to discuss in detail the benefits and effects of these factors on COVID-19. Some studies have confirmed the relationship between environmental conditions and disease transmission and others have rejected. Furthermore, not all COVID-19 exposed people are infected and not all infected patients develop severe respiratory complications. It is quite likely that these disparities are genetically mediated, in part. People who may be occupationally exposed to this virus may be due to different reasons, including lack of health, lack of knowledge and attitude, and working conditions. Reducing human-to-human contact by increasing the level of public health in the community as well as maintaining social distance plays a key role in prevention of COVID-19 disease. However, many aspects of COVID-19 are still unknown and require further and extensive studies.

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