Stool Antigen Examination as a Diagnostic Tool for Dyspeptic Patient caused by Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case-based Literature Review

Haifa Mayang  Lestari; Jatmiko Gustinanda; Nadzila Anindya  Tejaputri; Nur Afiahuddin Tumpu; Taris Radifan; Melva Louisa

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.5568

Authors

Haifa Mayang Lestari Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Jatmiko Gustinanda Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-7157
Nadzila Anindya Tejaputri Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Nur Afiahuddin Tumpu Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Taris Radifan Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Melva Louisa Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5568

Keywords:

Stool antigen test, Urea breath test, Helicobacter pylori

Abstract

Today, the gold standard for diagnosing H. pylori infection is by Urea Breath Test (UBT). However, UBT tests are not widely available in several remote areas in Indonesia. Stool antigen test (SAT) is an alternative diagnostic test for H. pylori infection. However, it is unclear whether the performance of the SAT to diagnose H. pylori infection can be comparable with UBT accuracy.

This report was aimed to determine the accuracy of the stool antigen test (SAT) to diagnose H. pylori infection as an alternative to the urea breath test (UBT).

Our case-based literature review indicates that the SAT has high sensitivity (79%-96.4%). Therefore stool antigen tests can help doctors in ruling out H. pylori infection. SAT also demonstrates remarkable specificity of stool antigen examination (98.6%-100%), suggesting that stool antigen tests can help doctors rule in H. pylori infection.

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