Photoprotective and Inhibitory Activity of Tyrosinase in Extract and Fractions of Terminalia catappa L.

Maulita Indrisari; Sartini Sartini; Upik A. Miskad; Khairuddin Djawad; Karlina Amir Tahir; Nurkhairi Nurkhairi; Lukman Muslimin

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.5940

Authors

Maulita Indrisari Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medical, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-838X
Sartini Sartini Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Upik A. Miskad Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Khairuddin Djawad Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Karlina Amir Tahir Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medical, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Nurkhairi Nurkhairi Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Lukman Muslimin Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-3714

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5940

Keywords:

Erythema transmission, Pigmentation transmission, Sun protection factor, Terminalia catappa Linn., Tyrosinase

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes various skin damages. One of the most significant risks to skin occurrence is cancer and photoaging. Recent strategies for photoprotection have included incorporating natural sunscreens and antityrosinase.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the sun protection factor (SPF) and inhibitory activity of tyrosinase of the extract and fractions of leaves of Terminalia catappa Linn.

METHOD: The dried leaves were macerated with 96% ethanol and fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The extract and fractions were screened for their phytochemical profile, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated and expressed as IC₅₀. The photoprotective activity of extract and fractions were measured by a UV spectrophotometric.

RESULTS: Among the tested samples, the ethyl acetate fraction showed ultraprotection on erythema transmission rate (%TE), sunblock on pigmentation transmission (%TP), and minimum protection on SPF. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest activity to inhibit tyrosinase (IC50 was 50.54±2.37 μg/mL). The phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate fraction revealed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.

CONCLUSION: This study’s findings revealed a higher tyrosinase inhibitor and sun protection capacity of ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of T. catappa and suitable to develop as a cosmetic agent.

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