Clinical Signs and Laboratory Parameters as Predictors of Mortality among Hospitalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adult Patients at Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya

Rentha Monica Simamora; Muhammad Vitanata  Arfijanto; Musofa  Rusli; Budi  Utomo; Cennikon  Pakpahan; Garry Prasetyo  Adi

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6223

Authors

Rentha Monica Simamora Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Soetomo General Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Kanudjoso Djatiwibowo General Hospital, Balikpapan, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9113-6928
Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Soetomo General Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Musofa Rusli Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Soetomo General Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Budi Utomo Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6060-9190
Cennikon Pakpahan Department of Biomedical Sciences, Andrology Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-1131
Mr. Garry Prasetyo Adi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-3317

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6223

Keywords:

Predictors, Morbidity, Mortality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS, Clinical sign, Laboratory parameters

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality rates due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are still high despite various and advanced efforts in the management given for HIV/AIDS patients.

AIM: This study proposed that clinical signs and laboratory parameters could be expected to predict the patient’s mortality.

METHODS: This retrospective study was done by collecting 408 medical records of adult HIV/AIDS inpatients at a tertiary hospital in Surabaya from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square test was carried out on nine variables, which were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2 <400 mmHg, elevated liver enzymes, hemoglobin levels <10 mg/dl, platelet count <150,000/mm3, eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl, and body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2. Variables which met the criteria would be included in the multivariate analysis using logistic regression.

RESULTS: Based on bivariate analysis, mortality was found to be significantly associated with GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2, elevated liver enzymes, platelet count <100,000 mm3, eGFR <60 ml/1.73kg/m2, albumin levels <3.5 mgdl, and BMI <18.5 kg/m2. However, based on multivariate analysis, there were five variables which were found to be able to independently predict the patients’ mortality, those were GCS <15 (OR 11.625), hypotension (OR 6.062), PaO2/FiO2< 400 mmHg (OR 7.794), eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR 2.646), and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl (OR 4.091).

CONCLUSION: GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2 <400 mmHg, eGFR <60 ml/1.73g/m2, and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl were found as the independent risk factors which could predict the hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients’ mortality.

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Author Biography

Mr. Garry Prasetyo Adi

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine – Soetomo General Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

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