The The Impact of the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic on Sexual Behavior of Marriage People in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6277Keywords:
Coronavirus, Marriage stability, Pandemic, Sexual relationship, Social restrictionAbstract
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global challenge since its first encounter. It has changed the daily lives of families including the sexual behavior of couples due to public health concerns and government policy to restrict people’s movement. It has changed both interpersonal and partner relationships; the time availability at home, the continued presence of children at home, the fear of infection, and the inability to physically interact with others have changed most people’s sexual behavior.
AIM: This study aims to evaluate sexual behavior changes in marriage people of Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: A cross-sectional online study was conducted, using self-constructed questionnaires. The convenience sample was collected from married males and females for at least 10 months from November 2020 to January 2021. The participants were asked 19 and 20 questions for female and male, respectively, which was an adaptation of the previous questionnaires. Furthermore, a study was conducted to analyze descriptively the changes of sexuality among married people before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
RESULTS: About 201 participants who completed the survey, 110 males (54.7%) and 91 females (45.3%) were included in the analyses. The mean age of participants was 37 years old. Most of the participants have middle to high socio-economy classes and have children at home. Shifting in the work schedule is the main reason to change sexual behaviors. Participants experienced significant changes in sexual behaviors and some sexual responses before and during the restriction time.
CONCLUSION: The pandemic has changed sexual behaviors due to social restrictions in Indonesia. These findings imply messages about the consequences of the pandemic on sexual behaviors that may affect the sexual relationship, marriage stability, and physical health itself to fight coronavirus.Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Zheng J. SARS-CoV-2: An emerging coronavirus that causes a global threat. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(10):1678-85. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45053 PMid:32226285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45053
World Health Organization. COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---20-april-2021. [Last accessed on 2021 Apr 26].
World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Indonesia Situation Reports. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021. Available from: https://www.covid19.who.int/region/searo/country/id. [Last accessed on 2021 Apr 26].
Olagoke AA, Olagoke OO, Hughes AM. Exposure to coronavirus news on mainstream media: The role of risk perceptions and depression. Br J Health Psychol. 2020;25(4):865-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12427 PMid:32415914 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12427
Lindau ST, Gavrilova N. Sex, health, and years of sexually active life gained due to good health: Evidence from two US population-based cross sectional surveys of aging. BMJ. 2010;340:580. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c810
Ambler RD, Bieber EJ, Diamond MP. Sexual function in elderly women: A review of current literature. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2012;5(1):16-27. PMid:22582123
Liu H, Waite LJ, Shen S, Wang DH. Is sex good for your health? A national study on partnered sexuality and cardiovascular risk among older men and women. J Health Soc Behav. 2016;57(3):276-96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146516661597 PMid:27601406 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146516661597
Masters WH, Johnson VE, Kolodny RC. Masters and Johnson on Sex and Human Loving. Canada: Little Brown and Company; 1988.
Yafi FA, Jenkins L, Albersen M, Corona G, Isidori AM, Goldfarb S, et al. Erectile dysfunction. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16003. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.3 PMid:27228004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.3
Traish AM, Botchevar E, Kim NN. Biochemical factors modulating female genital sexual arousal physiology. J Sex Med. 2010;7(9):2925-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01903.x PMid:20626599 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01903.x
Carpenter LM, Nathanson CA, Kim YJ. Physical women, emotional men: Gender and sexual satisfaction in midlife. Arch Sex Behav. 2009;38(1):87-107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-007-9215-y PMid:17851747 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-007-9215-y
Fisher WA, Meryn S, Sand M, Brandenburg U, Buvat J, Mendive J, et al. Communication about erectile dysfunction among men with ED, partners of men with ED, and physicians: The strike up a conversation study (Part I). J Mens Health Gend. 2005;2(1):64-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmhg.2005.01.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmhg.2005.01.018
Li W, Li G, Xin C, Wang Y, Yang S. Challenges in the practice of sexual medicine in the time of COVID-19 in China. J Sex Med. 2020;17(7):1225-8. PMid:32418751 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.380
Cito G, Micelli E, Cocci A, Polloni G, Russo GI, Coccia ME, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on sexual life in Italy. Urology. 2021;147:37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.101 PMid:32888982 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.101
Hille Z, Oezdemir UC, Beier KM, Hatzler L. The disruptive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual behavior of a German-speaking population. Sexologies. 2021;30(1):e23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2020.12.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2020.12.013
Somma A, Krueger RF, Markon KE, Gialdi G, Colanino M, Ferlito D, et al. A longitudinal study on clinically relevant self-reported depression, anxiety and acute stress features among Italian community-dwelling adults during the COVID-19 related lockdown: Evidence of a predictive role for baseline dysfunctional personality dimensions. J Affect Disord. 2021;282:364-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.165 PMid:33421864 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.165
Lehmiller JJ, Garcia JR, Gesselman AN, Mark KP. Less sex, but more sexual diversity: Changes in sexual behavior during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Leisure Sci. 2020;43(1):295-304. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1774016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1774016
Schiavi MC, Spina V, Zullo MA, Colagiovanni V, Luffarelli P, Rago R, et al. Love in the time of COVID-19: Sexual function and quality of life analysis during the social distancing measures in a group of italian reproductive-age women. J Sex Med. 2020;17(8):1407-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.006 PMid:32653391 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.006
Ibarra FP, Mehrad M, Mauro M, Godoy MF, Cruz EG, Nilforoushzadeh MA, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual behavior of the population. The vision of the east and the west. Int Braz J Urol. 2020;46(S1):104-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.s116 PMid:32550703 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.s116
Pennanen-Iire C, Prereira-Lourenço M, Padoa A, Ribeirinho A, Samico A, Gressler M, et al. Sexual health implications of COVID-19 pandemic. Sex Med Rev. 2021;9(1):3-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.10.004 PMid:33309005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.10.004
Andriani H. Effectiveness of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) toward the new normal era during COVID-19 outbreak: A mini policy review. J Indones Health Pol Admin. 2020;5(2):61-5. https://doi.org/10.7454/ihpa.v5i2.4001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7454/ihpa.v5i2.4001
Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729 PMid:32155789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395(10227):912-20. PMid:32112714 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Westerman ME, Maldonado F, Andrews JR, Sharma V, Trost L, Ziegelmann MJ. Intercourse frequency among men presenting to a sexual health clinic: Does age matter? Int J Impot Res. 2021;33(1):49-54. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-019-0222-z PMid:31896829 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-019-0222-z
Schneidewind-Skibbe A, Hayes RD, Koochaki PE, Meyer J, Dennerstein L. The frequency of sexual intercourse reported by women: A review of community-based studies and factors limiting their conclusions. J Sex Med. 2008;5(2):301-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00685.x PMid:18086175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00685.x
Regan PC, Atkins L. Sex differences and similarities in frequency and intensity of sexual desire. Soc Behav Personal. 2006;34(1):95-102. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.1.95 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.1.95
Khazaei M, Rostami R, Zaryabi A. The relationship between sexual dysfunctions and marital satisfaction in Iranian married students. Proc Soc Behav Sci. 2011;30:783-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.152
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Jefry Albari Tribowo, Tjahjo Djojo Tanojo, Supardi Supardi , Cennikon Pakpahan, Eko Budi Siswidiyanto, Andri Rezano, Reny I’tishom (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
