Plasma Levels of Interleukin-6 and the Cluster of Differentiation 4/Cluster of Differentiation 8 Ratio in Frailty among Community-dwelling Older People

Sri Sunarti; Nurria Indriyaningrum; Caesarius Wahono; Djoko Soeatmadji; Achmad  Rudijanto; Retty Ratnawati; Setyawati Soeharto Karyono; Maryunani Maryunani

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6389

Authors

Sri Sunarti Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7401-8930
Nurria Indriyaningrum Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Caesarius Wahono Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-5986
Djoko Soeatmadji Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Achmad Rudijanto Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-3208
Retty Ratnawati Departement of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Setyawati Soeharto Karyono Departement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya. Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Maryunani Maryunani Department of Economic, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6389

Keywords:

Elders, Frailty, Interleukin-6, Cluster of differentiation 4/cluster of differentiation 8 ratio, Community

Abstract

Background: Frailty has become a major health problem among Indonesian elders. Immunosenescence specifically inflammaging are essential components in the development of frailty. Early screening and timely tailored intervention may effectively prevent or delay the adverse outcomes in elders. This study measured the CD4/CD8 ratio from the immunosenescence pathway and plasma IL-6 levels as inflammatory markers from the inflammaging pathway and observed the correlations between robust and frail elders groups

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey. Using multistage random sampling, we enrolled 64 participants across Malang city, divided into frail and robust groups. We analyzed the plasma IL-6 levels and CD4/CD8 ratio using an independent t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results: Significant differences between frail and robust elders were found in age and education level, with the frail participants being older than the robust (p=0.001) and lower educational level (p<0.001). However, plasma IL-6 levels (p=0.936) and the CD4/CD8 ratio (p=0.468) were not statistically different between the groups.

Conclusion: Plasma level of IL-6 was found to increase similarly in both groups, while CD4/CD8 ratio was normal and not statistically different between the robust and frail group in elders.

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