Association between Bisphenol A Urine Level with Low-Grade Albuminuria in Egyptian Children and Adolescents

Nermine  Mahfouz; Ebtissam  Salah; Ayman  Armaneous; Mai M. Youssef; Mones Mahmoud Abu Shady; Sara Sallam; Mona  Anwar; Safaa  Morsy; Jihan  Hussein

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6499

Authors

Nermine Mahfouz Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4207-218X
Ebtissam Salah Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Ayman Armaneous Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9127-4415
Mai M. Youssef Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Mones Mahmoud Abu Shady Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Sara Sallam Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-9900
Mona Anwar Department of Basic Sciences and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
Safaa Morsy Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Jihan Hussein Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence (MRCE), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6499

Keywords:

Bisphenol A, Albuminuria, Pediatrics, Endothelial dysfunction

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The glomerulus is a window to visualize the endothelial status of the whole body. Minimal decrease of albumin level below cutoff point might be a marker of endothelial dysfunction. Exposure to bisphenol A may be a risk factor of developing low-grade albuminuria (LGA) in pediatrics.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of exposure to bisphenol A and the presence of LGA.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study enrolling 158 children: 91 boys and 67 girls excluding kids with hepatic disease, kidney disease, and endocrinopathies. Urinary albumin and creatinine were measured. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was calculated in mg/g and was stratified into macroalbuminuria of ˃300 mg/g, microalbuminuria of 30–300 mg/g, and LGA of ˂30 mg/g. Urinary bisphenol A was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography using fluorescent detector.

RESULTS: LGA was detected in 141 participants (89.24%), while microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria were detected in 15 (9.5%) and 2 (1.26%) participants, respectively. The total urinary bisphenol A in candidates with LGA was categorized into four quartiles (<0.285, 0.285–0.599, 0.600–1.215, and >1.215) ng/mL and similarly their LGA (<2.0404, 2.0404–4.0385, 4.0386–7.3870, and >7.3870) mg/g. Children with the highest compared to the lowest quartile of urinary bisphenol A had a comparable mean of LGA with insignificant p value.

CONCLUSION: LGA was found in 141 out of 158 children. A direct cause effect of exposure to bisphenol A could not be proved. Further studies are needed to investigate the pathophysiology of LGA and its significance.

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