The Effect of Intravenously and Intra-arterially Delivered Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cell on Cortical Neurogenesis of Post-Ischemic Stroke Rat Brain

Sastia Winda Astuti; Isabella Kurnia Liem; Yetty Ramli

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6555

Authors

Sastia Winda Astuti Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunadarma University, Depok, Indonesia
Isabella Kurnia Liem Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Yetty Ramli Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6555

Keywords:

Cord blood mononuclear cells, Ischemic stroke, NeuN, Neurogenesis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the second most cause of death in the world. There are several treatments but they often end up with disabilities. Recently, cell therapy has become a new hope as an alternative treatment as it could improve the patients neurological deficits and daily living activities. Cord blood mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs) are one of the cell therapies for post-ischemic neurogenesis by intravenous or intra-arterial administration; however, it is not clear which one is better.

AIM: This study aims to compare the effects of intra-arterial and intravenous administration of human CB-MNC on cortical neurogenesis of rat brain after ischemic stroke.

METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups, that is, control, middle cerebral artery obstruction (MCAO) without treatment, MCAO with intra-arterial CB-MNC injection (MCAO-IA), and MCAO with intravenous CB-MNC injection (MCAO-IV). Two weeks after injection, all rats were sacrificed, the brain was harvested, histologically process and stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE) to determine cellular and tissue morphology changes, and immunohistochemical staining, anti-NeuN antibody to determine the number of cortical neurons. The HE showed that MCAO rat brain had gliosis and shrunken cells.

RESULTS: The results showed that MCAO-IA and MCAO-IV had fewer areas of gliosis and shrunken cells when compared to the MCAO group. The number of neurons also showed an increase. However, there was no difference between the MCAO-IA and MCAO-IV groups. It was concluded both of them could improve neurogenesis.

CONCLUSION: CB-MNC administration can be an alternative for stroke ischemic therapy because it is proven to increase neurogenesis and reduce gliosis areas. However, there was no difference in neurogenesis in the brain tissue of mice injected with CB-MNC intravenously or intra-arterially.

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