Impacts of Pharmacy Intervention on Appropriateness of Antibiotics Use in Pneumonia Patients

Azizah Nasution; Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6575

Authors

Azizah Nasution Department of Pharmacology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1870-3930
Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6575

Keywords:

Pneumonia, Antibiotics rationality, Gyssens

Abstract

AIM: This study analyzed the impact of pharmacy intervention on appropriateness of antibiotics use in the treatment of inpatients with pneumonia admitted to Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Hospital, Medan, Indonesia.

METHODS: This cohort study analyzed appropriateness of antibiotic use in the treatment of in-patients with pneumonia without interventions or baseline group (n = 33) admitted to USU Hospital year 2018 and 3-month period admission with pharmacy intervention (n = 42) year 2019. Characteristics of the patients and antibiotics provided to both groups were descriptively analyzed. The appropriateness of antibiotics use in both groups was analyzed based on their medical conditions, culture and sensitivity tests, and trustable literatures, and then categorized applying Gyssens method regarding dose, intervals, routes, length of provision, effectivity, and costs. The significant difference in inappropriate use of antibiotics between groups with and without interventions was analyzed applying unpaired t-test (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant).

RESULTS: Most of the pneumonia patients in both groups were male. Mean age of the patients (years) in group: without intervention, 60.20 ± 15.48; with intervention, 60.48 ± 14.76. The three most widely provided antibiotics were ceftriaxone, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. Incidence of inappropriate use of antibiotics per patient in group: without intervention, 0.66; with intervention, 0.33. The inappropriate use of antibiotics reduced significantly in group with intervention, p = 0.049.

CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacy intervention is crucial to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia.

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