Association of Comorbid with Developmental Quotient in Down Syndrome Children

Authors

  • I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Ni Made Dewi Aryati Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha Adnyana Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Ni Luh Sukma Pratiwi Murti Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6695

Keywords:

Down syndrome, Comorbid, Cognitive, Caput Scale, Clinical adaptive test/Clinical linguistic and auditory milestone scale

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder in children. Children with DS tend to have various comorbid due to developmental abnormalities of chromosome 21, such as congenital heart defects, hearing loss, otitis media, eye disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, thyroid hormone disorders, gastrointestinal atresia, hip joint dislocation, leukemia, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Moreover, they also show cognitive impairments in concentration, communication, memory, and the ability to carry out tasks. Caput Scale/Clinical Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT-CLAMS) is one of the developmental assessment instruments to screen for cognitive disorders.

AIM: Hereby, we aimed to find the association of comorbid with developmental quotient in DS children. Data were obtained from medical record with sample age 0–18 years and suffering from DS.

METHODS: This was observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach, conducted in DS children age 0–18 years who were treated in Sanglah Hospital in 2018. Characteristic data and comorbid were obtained from medical record, meanwhile, development status was assessed using Caput Scale/CAT-CLAMS. Chi-square was applied to determine the association between comorbidities and development quotient (DQ) in DS children.

RESULTS: A total of 32 children with DS were treated in Sanglah Hospital during 2018 with median age was 2 years old and dominated by female patient (71.9%). Several comorbidities were found such as endocrine disorders in 27 children (84.3%), congenital heart disease (CHD) in 16 children (50%), and other comorbid including microcephaly, congenital cataract, palatoschizis, gastrointestinal defects, and congenital talipes equinovarus in 13 children (40.4%). The most common endocrine disorders was congenital hypothyroidism (81.25%), while the most common CHD was patent ductus arteriosus (25%). Bivariate Chi-square analysis showed significant association between comorbid and DQ (PR = 1.4 [95% CI 0.95–1.97], p = 0.03).

CONCLUSION: We found an association between comorbidities and DQ in DS children.

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References

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Published

2021-11-17

How to Cite

1.
Trisna Windiani IGA, Aryati NMD, Sugitha Adnyana IGAN, Murti NLSP, Soetjiningsih S. Association of Comorbid with Developmental Quotient in Down Syndrome Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2021 Nov. 17 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];9(B):1484-8. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/6695

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