Protective Effect of Eugenol against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Necrotic Potency

Florenly Florenly; Liena Sugianto; I Nyoman Ehrich Lister; Ermi Girsang; Chrismis Novalinda Ginting; Ervi Afifah; Hanna Kusuma; Rizal Rizal; Wahyu Widowati

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7003

Authors

Florenly Florenly Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6326-3751
Liena Sugianto Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
I Nyoman Ehrich Lister Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Ermi Girsang Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Chrismis Novalinda Ginting Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Ervi Afifah Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Hanna Kusuma Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Rizal Rizal Department of Public Health; Department of Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-0672
Wahyu Widowati Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7003

Keywords:

Acetaminophen, Eugenol, Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, Hepatotoxicity, Hepatoprotective

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Overdoses acetaminophen (APAP) could cause acute liver failure, even though it used is for analgesics. APAP could cause hepatotoxicity due to multiple mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress. Eugenol has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity but its hepatoprotective effect has not been widely reported.

AIM: The purpose of this research is to know if eugenol could protect HepG2 cells from APAP.

METHODS: HepG2 that induced by APAP as hepatotoxicity cells model was treated by using eugenol at 6.25 and 25 μg/mL. The protective effects of eugenol toward hepatotoxicity were evaluated by determine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration, apoptotic activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, also cytochrome (CYP)2E1 and GPX gene expression.

RESULTS: Eugenol at 6.25 and 25 μg/mL concentration can reduce TNF-α concentration, the apoptotic, necrotic, dead cells, and ROS level. Besides it can increase the gene expression (GPX and CYP2E1). The best hepatoprotective effect was found when using the eugenol at 25 μg/mL.

CONCLUSION: Therefore, eugenol can be used to protect HepG2 cells against APAP.

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