The Risk of Mosquito-borne Diseases Related to Mosquito Fauna Richness and Livestock Placements in South and West Sulawesi, Indonesia

Nur Rahma; Syahribulan Syahribulan; Arini Ratnasari; Sri Nur Rahmi Nur; Mila Karmila; Risma Malasari; Hajar Hasan; Isra Wahid

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.7038

Authors

Nur Rahma Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Syahribulan Syahribulan Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Arini Ratnasari Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Sri Nur Rahmi Nur Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Mila Karmila Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Risma Malasari Department of Prevention and Control Diseases, Health Office of South Sulawesi Government, Makassar, Indonesia
Hajar Hasan Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2758-4216
Isra Wahid Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-1401

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7038

Keywords:

Arbovirus, Mosquito, Diversity, Livestock, Barrier, Attractan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The local fauna of mosquitoes may have an essential role in the transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens.

AIM: The future risk of mosquito-borne diseases needs to be considered by the presence of factors that support mosquitoes and pathogens, such as the habitats, presence of host reservoirs, and placement of livestock in settlements.

METHODS: Mosquito catching methods used Animal Barrier Screen (ABS), Kelambu Trap (KT), and Human Landing Catch (HLC) in the wet and dry season. The role of a large animal in getting mosquito bites was analyzed based on the proportion of mosquitoes sampled by HLC to all collected mosquitoes. The potential vector of mosquitoes was projected based on the habitat, species density, and presence of host reservoirs.

RESULTS: Pasangkayu district had more mosquito fauna compared to North Toraja and Maros. However, the separated placement of livestock in North Toraja resulted in fewer mosquito bites to humans compare with Maros, where livestock was caged or tied directly beside individual houses. The separated placement of livestock in North Toraja and Pasangkayu acted as a barrier, while scattered placement among houses at Maros acted more as a mosquito attractant.

CONCLUSION: The habit of placing livestock separate from human settlements may reduce mosquito bites, reducing the risk of contracting mosquito-borne diseases. This finding proves using livestock as an outdoor vector control strategy to protect mosquito bites and disease transmission.

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