The Role Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Control Glycemic, Lipid Profile, and Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1-Alpha at Type 2 Diabetic Patients in North Sumatera, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7074Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Fasting blood sugar, Hemoglobin A1c, Lipid profile, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alphaAbstract
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemia increases the area of hypoxia that can be measured by markers of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and endothelial cell damage by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and the association of the course of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia is also a risk factor that can aggravate the condition. diabetes mellitus.
AIM: The aim of this study was to correlate VEGF with HIF-1α and other metabolic markers in T2DM.
METHODS: Examination such as blood pressure, height, and body mass index, and duration of diabetes were recorded. Laboratory examination like blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin (Hba1C) levels, lipid profile such as cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides were evaluated by Paramitha Laboratory Clinic and VEGF and HIF-1α we examined by ELISA methods in the Integrated laboratory of Medical Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The study was done by cross-sectional analytic methods, among 135 patients with T2DM who were admitted from the various primary health-care centers in Medan city and surrounding areas in North Sumatera. The inclusion criteria of the samples were all the patients diagnosed with T2DM, both the sexes, and the exclusion criteria of the samples with T1DM and severe disease. The data of the samples were processed using a computer with the SPSS program.
RESULTS: There was a positive significant correlation between VEGF with HIF-1α, with a strong correlation, and found a negative correlation between VEGF with fasting blood sugar and HDL (p < 0.005).
CONCLUSION: By finding a strong and positive correlation between VEGF and HIF-1α, the sample shows that the increase in VEGF concentration increases in line with the increase in the concentration of HIF-1α and this indicates that the process of angiogenesis in the sample is taking place as a compensatory mechanism of vascular defense.Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Morrish NJ, Wang SL, Stevens LK, Fuller JH, Keen H. Mortality and causes of death in the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes. Diabetologia. 2001;44(2):S14-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00002934 PMid:11587045
Costa PZ, Soares R. Neovascularization in diabetes and its complications. Unraveling the angiogenic paradox. Life Sci. 2013;92(22):1037-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2013.04.001 PMid:23603139
Kroll P, Rodrigues EB, Hoerle S. Pathogenesis and classification of proliferative diabetic vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 2007;221(2):78-94. https://doi.org/10.1159/000098253 PMid:17380062
Leung DW, Cachianes G, Kuang WJ, Goeddel DV, Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science. 1989;246(4935):1306-9. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2479986 PMid:2479986
Witmer AN, Vrensen GF, Van Noorden CJ, Schlingemann RO. Vascular endothelial growth factors and angiogenesis in eye disease. Progr Retinal Eye Res. 2003;22(1):1-29 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1350-9462(02)00043-5 PMid:12597922
Guo L, Jiang F, Tang YT, Si MY, Jiao XY. The association of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and ferritin in diabetic microvascular disease. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2014;16(4):224-34. PMid:24279470
Sun X, Zhang H, Liu J, Wang G. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor level is elevated in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Int Med Res. 2019;47(11):5584-92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519872033 PMid:31547733
Zhang Q, Fang W, Ma L, Wang ZD, Yang YM, Lu YQ. VEGF levels in plasma in relation to metabolic control, inflammation, and microvascular complications in type-2 diabetes: A cohort study. Medicine. 2018;97(15):e0415. PMid:29642210
Whiting DR, Guariguata L, Weil C, Shaw J. IDF diabetes atlas: Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011;94(3):311-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.029 PMid:22079683
Silvestre JS, Levy BI. Molecular basis of angiopathy in diabetes mellitus. Circ Res 2006;98(1):4-6. PMid:16397150
Lei RJ, Hu D, Zhang P, Sun LJ, Bai Q, Min J. Effect of anoxia on expression of angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 in retinal pigment epithelial. Recent Adv Ophthalmol 2013;33(5):435-6.
Yan HT, Su GF. Expression and significance of HIF-1 α _and VEGF in rats with diabetic retinopathy. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2014;7(3):237-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60028-6 PMid:24507647
Cameron NE, Eaton SE, Cotter MA, Tesfaye S. Vascular factors and metabolic interactions in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetologia. 2001;44(11):1973-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250100001 PMid:11719828
Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor: Basic science and clinical progress. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(4):581-611. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2003-0027 PMid:15294883
Chintala H, Krupska I, Yan L, Lau L, Grant M, Chaqour B. The matricellular protein CCN1 controls retinal angiogenesis by targeting VEGF, Src homology 2 domain phosphatase-1 and Notch signaling. Development. 2015;142(13):2364-74. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.121913 PMID:26002917
Braun L, Kardon T, Reisz-Porszasz ZS, Banhegyi G, Mandl J. The regulation of the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor at the onset of diabetes in spontaneously diabetic rats. Life Sci. 2001;69(21):2533-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01327-3 PMid:11693260
Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor: Basic science and clinical progress. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(4):581-611. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2003-0027 PMid:15294883
Mohamed AH, Zaidan HK. Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor level of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients in Babylon Province. J Pharm Sci Res. 2019;11(1):247-50.
Dantz D, Bewersdorf J, Fruehwald-Schultes B, Kern W, Jelkmann W, Born J, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor: A novel endocrine defensive response to hypoglycemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(2):835-40. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.87.2.8215 PMid:11836329
Abu-Yaghi NE, Abu Tarboush NM, Abojaradeh AM, Al-Akily AS, Abdo EM, Emoush LO. Relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels and stages of diabetic retinopathy and other biomarkers. J Ophthalmol. 2020;2020:8480193. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8480193 PMid:32774911
Aiello LP, Wong JS. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic vascular complications. Kidney Int Suppl. 2000;77:S113-9. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.07718.x PMid:10997700
Watanabe T. Is vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy? Nephrology (Carlton). 2007;12(3):S27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2007.00879_2.x
Pathak D, Gupta A, Kamble B, Kuppusamy G, Suresh B. Oral targeting of protein kinase C receptor: Promising route for diabetic retinopathy? Curr Drug Deliv. 2012;9(4):405-13. https://doi.org/10.2174/156720112801323080 PMid:22520069
Sandhofer A, Tatarczyk T, Kirchmair R, Iglseder B, Paulweber B, Patsch JR, et al. Are plasma VEGF and its soluble receptor sFlt-1 atherogenic risk factors? Cross sectional data from the SAPHIR study. Atherosclerosis. 2009;206(1):265-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.01.031 PMid:19237157
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Rusdiana Rusdiana, Sry Suryani Widjaja, Rina Amelia, Siti Syarifah, Rusmalawati Rusmalawati (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
