Prospect of The Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) as Natural Product Used to an Herbal Medicine

Ahasan Ullah Khan; Mohammad Samiul Ahsan Talucder; Mitali Das; Sana Noreen; Yunita Sari Pane

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7113

Authors

Ahasan Ullah Khan Department of Entomology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-8215
Mohammad Samiul Ahsan Talucder Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Climate-Smart Agriculture Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh; Interdisciplinary Research for Future Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Mitali Das Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Sana Noreen University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences
Yunita Sari Pane Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-4734

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7113

Keywords:

Black pepper, Medical importance, Health benefits, COVID-19, Cancer, Neuroprotective

Abstract

Black pepper (

Piper nigrum

L.) is a popular spice that is grown as tropical and subtropical plant throughout the world. The leaf, flower, fruit, and root are the most important elements of the plant. Asexual or vegetative propagation is becoming highly popular, although the sexual approach is still used for pepper vine cultivation. For mass production of the pepper plant,

in vitro

culture is also used. The bioactive components contained in them are extremely important because of their therapeutic potential against a number of diseases. They are usually classed as functional foods because, in addition to providing basic nutrition, provide physiological benefits and help to avoid chronic illness. The main component of black pepper is piperine. It has a complex phyto-chemistry includes: Volatile oil, alkaloids, and oleoresins. Because of its free-radical scavenging properties, black pepper and its active components can be prevention and control of tumor growth. Piperine, which can bind and inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the sickness, is present in black pepper and has antibacterial and antiviral effects. Piperine, a key alkaloid component of black pepper, it also helps to cognitive brain function, nutritional absorption, and gastrointestinal health. Black pepper is known as the “King of Spices” as well as the “King of Medicinal Agents,” since it includes a wide variety of bioactive compounds with nutraceutical and pharmacological applications. An overview of the most common applications for black pepper, along with a strong evidence is present in this review.

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