Vitamin D Deficiency among Females with Acne Vulgaris in Relation to Sun Exposure: A Cross-sectional Study

Ghada Abdelrahman Elfadil; Nosiba Ahmed Mohammed; Abdelgadir Elmugadam; Marwan Ismail; Abd Elgadir Alamin Altoum; Ahmed L. Osman

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7140

Authors

Ghada Abdelrahman Elfadil Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Nosiba Ahmed Mohammed Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Medical Laboratory Science,Sudan University of Science and Technology- Khartoum – Sudan
Abdelgadir Elmugadam Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Marwan Ismail Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
Abd Elgadir Alamin Altoum Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
Ahmed L. Osman Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7140

Keywords:

Vitamin D, Acne vulgaris, Female, Sun exposure, Sudan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in various skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels among patients with acne vulgaris.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional comparative study performed in Khartoum state at Military hospital, department of dermatology and venerology, 111 blood samples were collected from females to measure serum level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D by immunoassay analyzer cobas-e-411-2ed generation platform of Electrochemiluminescence binding assay.

RESULTS: In this study, 111 females their age 18–36 years. 57 suffering from acne vulgaris, 61.4% of them had moderate grade of acne. A significant decrease in the serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D concentrations in acne vulgaris patients when compared to 54 non-acne group (13.3 ± 5.0 ng/mL vs. 24.2 ± 10.3 ng/mL p =0.00). Significant positive correlation between serum 25-OH Vitamin D and exposure to sunlight per day (r = 0.562, p = 0.00), while there was a significant negative correlation between 25-OH Vitamin D and grade of acne, and duration of disease per month (for grade of acne r = –0.641, p = 0.00), (for duration of disease r = –0.696, p = 0.00) among patients with acne vulgaris.

CONCLUSION: The evidence from this study suggests that female with low serum 25- OH Vitamin D had increase risk to develop acne vulgaris. Further studies are needed to confirm this potential relation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Shen Y, Wang T, Zhou C, Wang X, Ding X, Tian S, et al. Prevalence of acne vulgaris in Chinese adolescents and adults: A community-based study of 17,345 subjects in six cities. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):40-4. http://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1164 PMid:21710106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1164

Tanghetti EA. The role of inflammation in the pathology of acne. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2013;6(9):27-35. PMid:24062871

El-Hamd MA, El Taieb MA, Ibrahim HM, Aly SS. Vitamin D levels in acne vulgaris patients treated with oral isotretinoin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18(1):16-20. http://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12503 PMid:29460332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12503

Layton A, Anne EE, Zouboulis C. Acne. In: Griffiths C, Barker J, Bleiker T, Chalmers R, Creamer D, editors. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology. London, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.; 2016. p. 2343-407.

Jeremy AH, Holland DB, Roberts SG, Thomson KF, Cunliffe WJ. Inflammatory events are involved in acne lesion initiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;121(1):20-27. http://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12321.x PMid:12839559 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12321.x

Arnson Y, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and autoimmunity: New aetiological and therapeutic considerations. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(9):1137-42. http://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.069831 PMid:17557889 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.069831

Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Athanassiou P, Lyraki A, Raftakis I, Antoniadis C. Vitamin D and rheumatoid arthritis. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2012;3(6):181-7. PMid:23323190 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2042018812471070

Cheng HM, Kim S, Park GH, Chang SE, Bang S, Won CH, et al. Low vitamin D levels are associated with atopic dermatitis, but not allergic rhinitis, asthma, or IgE sensitization, in the adult Korean population. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):1048-55. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.055 PMid:24388009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.055

Aksu Cerman A, Sarikaya Solak S, Kivanc Altunay I. Vitamin D deficiency in alopecia areata. Br J Dermatol. 2014;170(6):1299-304. http://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12980 PMid:24655364 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12980

Lee WJ, Choi YH, Sohn MY, Lee SJ, Kim DW. Expression of inflammatory biomarkers from cultured sebocytes was influenced by treatment with Vitamin D. Indian J Dermatol. 2013;58(4):327-9. http://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.113959 PMid:23919024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.113959

Agak GW, Qin M, Nobe J, Kim MH, Krutzik SR, Tristan GR, et al. Propionibacterium acnes induces an il-17 response in acne vulgaris that is regulated by Vitamin A and Vitamin D. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134(2):366-73. http://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.334 PMid:23924903 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.334

Steinman L. A brief history of T(H)17, the first major revision in the T(H)1/T(H)2 hypothesis of T cell-mediated tissue damage. Nat Med. 2007;13(3):385. http://doi.org/10.1038/nm1551 PMid:17290272 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0307-385a

Doshi A, Zaheer A, Stiller MJ. A comparison of current acne grading systems and proposal of a novel system. Int J Dermatol. 1997;36(6):416-8. http://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00099.x PMid:9248884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00099.x

Hathcock JN, Shao A, Vieth R, Heaney R. Risk assessment for Vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85(1):6-18. http://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/85.1.6 PMid:17209171 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/85.1.6

Husain NE, Suliman AA, Abdelrahman I, Bedri SA, Musa RM, Osman HE, et al. Vitamin D level and its determinants among Sudanese women: Does it matter in a sunshine African country? J Family Med Prim Care 2019;8(7):2389-94. http://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_247_19 PMid:31463263 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_247_19

Yildizgoren MT, Togral AK. Preliminary evidence for Vitamin D deficiency in nodulocystic acne. Dermatoendocrinol. 2014;6(1):e983687. http://doi.org/10.4161/derm.29799 PMid:26413187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/derm.29799

Lim SK, Ha JM, Lee YH, Lee Y, Seo YJ, Kim CD, et al. Comparison of Vitamin D levels in patients with and without acne: A case-control study combined with a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2016;11(8):e0161162. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161162 Mid:27560161 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161162

van Etten E, Mathieu C. Immunoregulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: Basic concepts. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005;97(1- 2):93-101. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.06.002 PMid:16046118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.06.002

Almehmadi B, Fallata E, Alqahtani S, Al-Agha A. The effects of physical activity and sun exposure on Vitamin D status among children from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Pediatr Care. 2016;2:1-4.