Interleukin-6 as Immune System and Inflammation Biomarker on the Response of Basic Pencak Silat Exercise in Perguruan Pencak Silat Perisai Diri, Bojonegoro

Authors

  • Roy Irawan Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia image/svg+xml https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0996-8718
  • Trias Mahmudiono Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
  • Tri Martiana Departement of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7303

Keywords:

Immune system, Inflammation biomarker, Exercise, Martial art, Health and well-being

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pencak Silat is a self-defense exercise originated from Indonesia and categorized as a high-intensity exercise.

AIM: This research was intended to identify the acute response of Pencak Silat basic exercise toward interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an immune system biomarker on students of Perguruan Pencak Silat Perisai Diri Tulungrejo, Bojonegoro.

METHODS: A number of 26 students (10 boys and 16 girls) of Perguruan Pencak Silat Tulungrejo, Bojonegoro, were participated in this study. The students did the 2 h Perguruan Pencak Silat Perisai Diri, Bojonegoro, training program with 75–85% intensity. The IL-6 serum was measured using ELISA method.

RESULTS: The result of this study showed that the IL-6 serum level in post-2 (12 h after training) (6.2981 pg/mL) was higher compared with the IL-6 serum level in post-1 (shortly after training) (6.11981 pg/mL) and before training (4.5146 pg/mL). The result also showed that there was a significant difference of IL-6 levels between pre-training and after training.

CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the basic exercise performed by the new students of Perguruan Pencak Silat Perisai Diri increased IL-6 serum level.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Pedersen BK, Ullum H. NK cell response to physical activity: Possible mechanisms of action. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994;26(2):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199402000-00003 PMid:8164530 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199402000-00003

Nieman DC, Pedersen BK. Exercise and immune function. Recent developments. Sports Med. 1999;27(2):73-80. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199927020-00001 PMid:10091272 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199927020-00001

Gleeson M. Immune function in sport and exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007;103(2):693-9. PMid:17303714 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2007

Williams SL, Strobel NA, Lexis LA, Coombes JS. Antioxidant requirements of endurance athletes: Implications for health. Nutr Rev. 2006;64(3):93-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00193.x PMid:16572597 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00193.x

Ostrowski K, Rohde T, Zacho M, Asp S, Pedersen BK. Evidence that interleukin-6 is produced in human skeletal muscle during prolonged running. J Physiol. 1998;508(3):949-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.949bp.x PMid:9518745 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.949bp.x

Tanaka T, Narazaki M, Kishimoto T. IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014;6(10):a016295. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a016295 PMid:25190079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a016295

Pedersen BK, Steensberg A, Schjerling P. Exercise and interleukin-6. Curr Opin Hematol. 2001;8(3):137-41. PMid:11303145

Suzuki K. Cytokine response to exercise and its modulation. Antioxidants (Basel). 2018;7(1):17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7010017

Yang H, Antonie DJ, Andersson U, Tracey KJ. The many faces of HMGB1: Molecular structure-functional activity in inflammation, apoptosis, and chemotaxis. J Leukoc Biol. 2013;93(6):865-73. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1212662 PMid:23446148 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1212662

Goh J, Hofmann P, Aw NH, Tan PL, Tschakert G, Mueller A, et al. Concurrent high-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise modulates systemic release of alarmins (HMGB1, S100A8/A9, HSP70) and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy young men: A pilot study. Transl Med Commun. 2020;5:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41231-020-00056-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41231-020-00056-z

Pedersen BK, Steensberg A, Schjerling P. Exercise and interleukin-6 Curr Opin Hematol. 2001;8(3):137-41. PMid:11303145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00062752-200105000-00002

Choy E, Rose-John S. Interleukin-6 as a multifunctional regulator: Inflammation, immune response, and fibrosis. J Scleroderma Relat Disord. 2017;2(2):S1-5. https://doi.org/10.5301/jsrd.5000265 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5301/jsrd.5000265

Gabay C. Interleukin-6 and chronic inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8 Suppl 2:S3. PMid:16899107 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/ar1917

Damas P, Ledoux D, Nys M, Vrindts Y, de Groote D, Franchimont P, et al. Cytokine serum level during severe sepsis in human IL-6 as a marker of severity. Ann Surg. 1992;215(4):356-62. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199204000-00009 PMid:1558416 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199204000-00009

Schluter B, Konig B, Bergmann U, Muller FE, Konig W, “Interleukin-6, a potential mediator of lethal sepsis after major thermal trauma: Evidence for increased IL-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Trauma. 1991;31(12):1663-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199112000-00017 PMid:1749040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199112000-00017

Steensberg A, Toft AD, Schjerling P, Halkjær-Kristensen P, Pedersen BK. Plasma interleukin-6 during strenuous exercise: Role of epinephrine. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2001;281(3):C1001-4. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.3.c1001 PMid:11502577 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.3.C1001

Pedersen BK, Nieman DC. Exercise and immunology: Integration and regulation. Immunol Today. 1998;19(5):204-6. PMid:9613035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5699(98)01255-9

Pedersen BK, Toft AD. Effects of exercise on lymphocytes and cytokines. Br J Sports Med. 2000;34(4):246-51. Mid:10953894 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.34.4.246

Tvede N, Kappel M, Klarlund K, Duhn S, Halkjaer-Kristensen J, Kjaer M, et al. Evidence that the effect of bicycle exercise on blood mononuclear cell proliferative responses and subsets is mediated by epinephrine. Int J Sports Med. 1994;15(2):100-4. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1021028 PMid:8157368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1021028

Steensberg A, Fischer CP, Keller C, Møller K, Pedersen BK. IL-6 enhances plasma IL-1ra, IL-10, and cortisol in humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003;285:E433-7. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00074.2003 PMid:12857678 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00074.2003

Chan MH, McGee SL, Watt MJ, Hargreaves M, Febbraio MA. Altering dietary nutrient intake that reduces glycogen content leads to phosphorylation of nuclear p38 MAP kinase in human skeletal muscle: Association with IL-6 gene transcription during contraction. FASEB J. 2004;18(14):1785-7. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.03-1039fje PMid:15345683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.03-1039fje

Keller C, Steensberg A, Pilegaard H, Osada T, Saltin B, Pedersen BK, et al. Transcriptional activation of the IL-6 gene in human contracting skeletal muscle: Influence of muscle glycogen content. FASEB J. 2001;15(14):2748-50. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.01-0507fje PMid:11687509 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.01-0507fje

Pedersen BK, Hoffman-Goetz L. Exercise and the immune system: Regulation, integration, and adaptation. Physiol Rev. 2000;80(3):1055-81. PMid:10893431 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2000.80.3.1055

Lyngsø D, Simonsen L, Bulow J. Interleukin-6 production in human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue: The effect of exercise. J Physiol. 2002;543(1):373-8. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2002.019380 PMid:12181307 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2002.019380

Fischer CP. Interleukin-6 in acute exercise and training: What is the biological relevance? Exerc Immunol Rev. 2006;12:6-33. PMid:17201070

Downloads

Published

2021-11-12

How to Cite

1.
Irawan R, Mahmudiono T, Martiana T. Interleukin-6 as Immune System and Inflammation Biomarker on the Response of Basic Pencak Silat Exercise in Perguruan Pencak Silat Perisai Diri, Bojonegoro. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2021 Nov. 12 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];9(T6):179-83. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/7303

Funding data

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>