The Relationships between Self-care and Coping Strategy among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Kusman Ibrahim; Desri Resnawati; Laili Rahayuwati; Yusshy Kurnia Herliani; Nursiswati Nursiswati

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7332

Authors

Kusman Ibrahim Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Desri Resnawati Department of Medical Surgical Nursing
Laili Rahayuwati Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Yusshy Kurnia Herliani Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Nursiswati Nursiswati Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7332

Keywords:

Coping Strategy; Self-Care; People Living with HIV

Abstract

AIM: This study aims to examine the relationships between self-care and coping strategy among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH).

METHODS: A cross-sectional design involving 76 subjects of PLWH who attended the HIV clinic at a District Hospital in West Java Province, Indonesia. They met inclusion criteria such as being adult, has been living with HIV for over 1 year, and be able to communicate both verbal and written in Bahasa Indonesia. Self-care was measured by the 41-item Self-care Assessment Worksheet instrument, and coping strategies were measured by the 60-item Jalowiec Coping Scale. Pearson-product moment correlation was performed to examine the relationships between self-care and coping strategy scores.

RESULTS: The majority of respondents (57.8%) used the emotion focused coping strategy such as supportant (31.5%) followed by fatalistic (21%) and optimistic (17.1%) when they deal with stressful situations. Optimistic coping was reported as the most effective coping by the respondents. Nearly half of respondents (42%) have intermediate self-care level which the highest number of self-care was medication. There was a significantly relationship between problem-focused coping strategy and the self-care scores (r = 0.378, p < 0.01). Confrontive coping strategy has positive correlation with symptoms management (r = 0.264, p < 0.05) and stress management (r = 0.280, p < 0.05). Self-care information has positive correlation with palliative coping strategy (r = 0.281, p < 0.05) and supportant coping strategy management (r = 0.236, p < 0.05). Prevention and medication have positive correlation with optimistic emotional coping strategy (r = 0.264, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Understanding PLWH coping strategies could assist nurses to reinforce patient’s positive coping strategies and change maladaptive coping strategies. Nurses could facilitate patients to develop a more adaptive coping strategies in enhancing self-care capability among PLWH.

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