Barriers in Diabetes Self-management: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of Nurses in Primary Health Centers, Indonesia

Atyanti Isworo; Yunita Sari; Annas Sumeru; Nuriya Nuriya

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7451

Authors

Atyanti Isworo Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Yunita Sari Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Annas Sumeru Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Nuriya Nuriya Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7451

Keywords:

Diabetes, Nurses, Primary health centers, Barriers, Qualitative

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nurses play an essential role, including being the main educator of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is necessary to reduce the barriers faced by nurses in managing patients’ self-management.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers faced by nurses in managing the self-management of DM patients.

METHODS: This research is a qualitative-research with a phenomenological approach. The recruitment of participants used a purposive sampling method, which was divided into two Focus Group Discussion (FGD) groups: the first group consisted of five nurses from the urban health center and the second group consisted of five nurses from the suburban area. The FGD was conducted twice for each group: 90 min for the first and 45 min for the second. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis.

RESULTS: This study resulted in two themes, namely, internal barriers within the patient and external barriers outside the patient. The barriers from within the patient theme had five subthemes including (1) fear of being exposed to the disease and stigma associated with diabetes, (2) fear and distrust of health cadres, (3) low self-awareness and feeling healthy so not seeking treatment, (4) lack of responsibility for diabetes self-management practices, and (5) time issues. The second theme of barriers external to the patients included three subthemes that were (1) limited manpower, (2) limited facilities and funds, and (3) a lot of programs or activities.

CONCLUSION: Nurses faced external barriers that arise from the puskesmas and internal barriers within the patient.

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