Cystatin and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Obese Versus Non-obese Adolescents

Azza Abd El-Shaheed; Nermine N. Mahfouz; Reham F. Fahmy; Mona A. Elabd; Hiba Sibaii; Salwa Refat El-Zayat; Mahitab I. El-Kassaby; Hagar H. Mourad

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7476

Authors

Azza Abd El-Shaheed Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Nermine N. Mahfouz Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Reham F. Fahmy Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Mona A. Elabd Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Hiba Sibaii Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research Division, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Salwa Refat El-Zayat Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research Division, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Medical Physiology, Medical Research Division, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Mahitab I. El-Kassaby Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research Division, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
Hagar H. Mourad Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research Division, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7476

Keywords:

Cystatin, Creatinine, Pediatric, Obesity, Glomerular filtration rate

Abstract

Background: Obesity is well known as an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Thus meticulous assessment of renal function is more essential in obese individuals. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is commonly estimated based on serum creatinine (Cr). However, using Cr as marker of kidney function has some limitations and Cystatin C has been reported as an alternative marker.

Aim of work: This study was designed to assess renal function using both GFR and cystatin in obese adolescents.

Methods: This case-control study enrolled ninety Egyptian adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years old who were divided equally into two groups according to body mass index (obese and non-obese). Each participant was subjected to full medical history taking, anthropometric measures, and Laboratory investigation including CBC, serum Cr, estimated GFR and cystatin C.

Results: Serum Cr level was significantly higher in obese adolescents compared to non-obese mean value (0.94) and (0.79) resepectively. Also, eGFR based on Cr was significantly lower in obese group compared to controls (73.1) and ( (85.30)respectively. Cystatin C showed non-significant higher levels in obese group versus controls with mean value (2.28) and (1.85)respectively. Cystatin C at Cut-off value of 1.525 and 95% CI showed sensitivity of 47.2% and specificity of 63.9% for evaluation of kidney affection in obese children and adolescences.

Conclusion: GFR is affected in obese adolescence with elevation of serum creatinine and unexpected non significant elevation of cystatin C in obese adolescence when compared by control group.

Keywords: Cystatin, Creatinine, Pediatric obesity, GFR, renal function.

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