Influence of Antimicrobial Nanoparticles on Flexural Strength and Hardness of Polymethylmethacrylate

Mennatullah Khalil; Lamis Enaba

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.7565

Authors

Mennatullah Khalil Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Faiyum, Egypt
Lamis Enaba Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7565

Keywords:

Polymethylmethacrylate, Flexural strength, Hardness, Graphene oxide nanosheets, Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Curcumin-loaded graphene oxide nanosheets

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used for dental appliances but has several shortcomings that could benefit from improvement with the use of nanoparticles (NPs).

AIM: The purpose of this study was to modify PMMA with three different antimicrobial NPs; Graphene oxide nanosheets (nGO), Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO₂ NPs) and curcumin (CUR)-loaded graphene oxide nanosheets alone, and in combination and assess the flexural strength and hardness of the different groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material used in this study was chemically cured PMMA that was modified with nGO, TiO₂ NPs and GOCUR alone and in combination to give 6 groups; Group A: PMMA, Group B: PMMA with nGO, Group C: PMMA with TiO₂ NPs, Group D: PMMA with TiO₂ and GO NPs, Group E: PMMA with GOCUR, and Group F: PMMA with TiO₂ NP, and GOCUR. The Six groups were tested for flexural strength and hardness. Statistical analysis was and data were expressed as means and standard deviation. Data was explored for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normality. The ANOVA test was used to compare between groups, followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test for pairwise comparison. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS: The highest flexural strength was recorded in Group C (52.26 ± 5.48 MPa) and the lowest value was in Group A (24.94 ± 5.37 MPa). The highest hardness was recorded in Group F (23.29 ± 0.8 HV) and the lowest value was in Group A (15.88 ± 1.02 HV).

CONCLUSION: The modification of PMMA with NPs with proven antimicrobial activity can increase the flexural strength and hardness of the material. GO, TiO₂ and, GOCUR NPs were each used alone and in different combinations, and all the groups displayed higher flexural strength and hardness than the unmodified PMMA.

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