Profile of Histopathological Type and Molecular Subtypes of Mammary Cancer of DMBA-induced Rat and its Relevancy to Human Breast Cancer

Ika Fidianingsih; Teguh Aryandono; Sitarina Widyarini; Sri Herwiyanti

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.7975

Authors

Ika Fidianingsih Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-4545
Teguh Aryandono Department of Surgery, Oncology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Sitarina Widyarini Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Sri Herwiyanti Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7975

Keywords:

7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene, Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki67

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Animal models with mammary cancer that closely mimic human breast cancer for treatment development purposes are still required. Induction of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) to rats shows the histopathological features and mammary cancer characterization similar to humans. Examinations of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki67 expressions are crucial in deciding the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.

AIM: This research aimed to view histopathology images of mammary glands and expressions of ER, PR, Ki67, and HER2 of DMBA-induced rats.

METHODS: After 1-week adaptation, 11 5-weeks-old female rats were induced with 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) of DMBA 2 times a week for 5 weeks. On week 29, nodules taken from the mammary gland were examined for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry with p63, ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 antibodies. The grading score used the Nottingham Grading System and molecular classifications based on St. Gallen 2013.

RESULTS: Six rats had nodules, but the histopathologic features of one nodule showed normal mammary gland without cancer. The histopathological type of mammary cancer was cribriform carcinoma, comedo carcinoma, lipid-rich carcinoma, adenocarcinoma squamous, and adenomyepithelioma. Histopathological grading showed 60% of grade 3 and 40% of grade 2. P63 expression showed 60% positive and 40% negative. The frequency of ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 of five nodules showed positivity: 40%, 60%, 60%, and 60%, respectively. Molecular subtypes of Luminal A, B, HER2, and triple-negative were 0%, 60%, 20%, and 20%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Histopathological features and molecular subtype of mammary cancer on rats induced with 20 mg/kg BW of DMBA showed similarity to human breast cancer.

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