The Risk Factors of Neonatal Mortality in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia

Anelda Wati Syah Putri; Heryudarini Harahap; Yessi Harnani; Novita Rany; Syafrani Syafrani

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.7997

Authors

Anelda Wati Syah Putri Post-graduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
Heryudarini Harahap Post-graduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia; Regional Development Planning Board, Research and Development of Riau Province, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Yessi Harnani Post-graduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
Novita Rany Post-graduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
Syafrani Syafrani Post-graduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7997

Keywords:

Antenatal care, Birth spacing, Indonesia, Neonatal mortality

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality is death during the first 28 days of life, expressed per 1000 live births. In 2020, there was an increase in the number of neonatal mortality from 50 infant to 115 infant in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia.

AIM: The study objective was to analyze factors associated with neonatal mortality in the Pekanbaru City, Indonesia.

METHODS: The sample was 220, consisting of 110 case and 110 control samples. The total sampling technique was used for case and systematic sampling for control samples. The variables analyzed were mother’s age, mother’s education, parity, birth spacing, gestational age, birth weight, and antenatal care. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regressions.

RESULTS: The results showed that the risk factors for neonatal mortality were antenatal care < 4 times (OR = 8.2; 95% CI = 4.0−17.1), gestational age < 35 weeks (OR = 5.5; 95% CI = 2.2–14.0), mother’s < 20 years or > 35 years (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.3−7.1), and birth spacing < 2 years (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.2−5.7).

CONCLUSION: The antenatal care, gestational age, mother’s age, and birth spacing are preventable or possibly preventable risk factors. As a recommendation, the Health Office of Pekanbaru and Community Health Service should increase promotion of antenatal care for pregnant women and family planning to preserve birth spacing for women of childbearing age.

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