Unhealthy Food Consumption Pattern and Nutritional Status among Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study

Erni Yusnita Lalusu; Ramli Ramli; Marselina Sattu; Fitrianty Sutadi Lanyumba; Anang Samudera Otoluwa

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.8002

Authors

Erni Yusnita Lalusu Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Tompotika Luwuk Banggai, Luwuk, Indonesia; Doctoral Student of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4261-4276
Ramli Ramli Public Health Study Program https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-8728
Marselina Sattu Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Tompotika Luwuk Banggai, Luwuk, Indonesia; Doctoral Student of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
Fitrianty Sutadi Lanyumba Public Health Study Program
Anang Samudera Otoluwa Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Tompotika Luwuk Banggai, Luwuk, Indonesia; Banggai Regency Health Office, Luwuk, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8002

Keywords:

Adolescent, Fast food, Food consumption pattern, Fruit and vegetables consumption, Nutritional status

Abstract

Introduction: Nutritional balance is needed during adolescence for health and optimal growth. The aim of the study is to analyse the nutritional status and food consumption patterns of adolescents in Luwuk.

Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design involving 385 adolescents at four high schools (grade 10-12). The sample was divided into four schools and selected by the accidental sampling method. Food consumption patterns were assessed using a World Health Organization-designed Global School-based Student Health Survey questionnaire (modified for Indonesia). Nutritional status is based on the results of anthropometric. Data were analysed using frequency distribution and inferential analysis.

Results: Of the total 385 adolescents studied, there were 4.7% adolescents overweight and 2.3% were obese. On the other hand, there are also 10.6% thin adolescents and 4.4% with very thinness. 49.9% of adolescents do not consume fruit, 22.3% do not eat vegetables, 23.5% drink soft drinks with carbonated >=1 time per day, 54.8% eat fast food >=1 day a week, 66 .5% rarely or never breakfast, 58.2% never bring lunch and 18.7% usually eat street snacks.

Conclusion: Some adolescents in Luwuk City had nutritional problems and unhealthy food consumption patterns. A nutritional surveillance program is needed for adolescents which includes monitoring nutritional status, consumption patterns, and risk factors related to nutrition.

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