Cancer Profile in Jakarta: A 5-year Descriptive Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization reports in 2020, cancer was the second leading cause of death in developing countries following cardiovascular diseases and infections. As one of the strategies to prioritize cancer control in Indonesia, it is crucial to establish a population-based cancer registry, thus necessitating a well-recorded study with a robust methodology of documentation and reporting of cancer profile.

AIM: This study aims to describe the cancer profile in Jakarta based on the data from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital as the cancer registry control center for Jakarta Capital Region.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive study by collecting data from the cancer registry in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, which were pooled from five subregional hospitals in Jakarta from 2008 to 2012. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0.

RESULTS: We obtained data from 15,042 cancer patients in Jakarta with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.8. The majority of patients were from the group of 45–54 years old. Late-stage presentation (stages III and IV) was observed in 24.6% of patients. The highest number of patients was from West Jakarta (27.7%), followed by East Jakarta (26.1%). The five most common cancer found in both sexes was breast cancer, cervical cancer, hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial system malignancy, lung and bronchial cancer, and nasopharyngeal cancer.

CONCLUSION: The findings from this study correspond to GLOBOCAN 2012 for South-east Asia Region, particularly regarding the male-to-female ratio and patients’ age group. However, we highlighted the need to optimize data collection by involving all health-care facilities in Jakarta.