Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Proliferation of Fibroblast Cells Activities of Citrus Essential Oils

Suryati Syafri; Elidahanum Husni; Nurul Wafiqah; Fitrah Ramadhan; Sovia Ramadani; Dachriyanus Hamidi

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.8596

Authors

Suryati Syafri Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Elidahanum Husni Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Nurul Wafiqah Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Fitrah Ramadhan Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Sovia Ramadani Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Dachriyanus Hamidi Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-9001

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8596

Keywords:

Citrus, Essential oil, GC-MS, Antimicrobial, Wound healing

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Citrus species produce essential oils (EOs) containing various chemical components that show many pharmacological activities.

AIM: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the chemical content and antimicrobial activity of EO extracted from fruit peels and leaves of Citrus x aurantifolia (“Asam sundai”) and Citrus aurantifolia (lime EOs extracted from fruit peels and leaves).

METHODS: The EO was extracted by the hydrodistillation method. The chemical content was determined using gas chromatography in tandem with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Antibacterial activity was performed using broth microdilution method, while proliferation of fibroblast cell was carried out using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.

RESULTS: The main constituent of the EO of “asam sundai” peel (MAKS) and lime peel (MAKN) was I-limonene, while the EO of “asam sundai” leaves (MADS) was γ-terpinene. MAKN EOs showed stronger antibacterial activity than MAKS and MADS with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 3.12 mg/ml against S. aureus, MRSA, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6.25 mg/ml for Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, the highest fibroblast cell proliferation activity showed by MAKS EO at concentrations of 10, 1, and 0.1 g/ml with a percentage of the proliferation of more than 100%.

CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the different species of citrus have different chemical compositions and different biological activities.

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