Poor Glycaemic Control and its Associated Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Southern Part of Peninsular Malaysia: A Registry-based Study

Norizzati Amsah; Zaleha Md Isa; Zaid Kassim

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.8696

Authors

Norizzati Amsah Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2531-5159
Zaleha Md Isa Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Zaid Kassim Segamat District Health Office, Jalan Gudang Ubat, Segamat, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8696

Keywords:

Risk factors, Determinants, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Glycemic control

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern that is likely to reach a pandemic level by 2030 and is one of the leading causes of death globally. Recently, T2DM has been causing an increase in premature mortality including in developing countries.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with poor glycaemic control among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Segamat, Malaysia.

METHOD: The study population was selected from the National Diabetic Registry (NDR) database between June 2019 and September 2020 which included a total of 3,100 patients. General and clinical information were retrieved from the registry. Glycaemic control was categorised as good (HbA1c ≤6.5 %) or poor (HbA1c >6.5%). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to assess the factors of poor glycaemic control

RESULTS: More than half (59.2%) of the patients had poor glycaemic control. As high as 55.1% of older patients (≥60 years old) had poorer glycaemic control. Most patients with poor glycaemic control (62.0%) were obese. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age (≥60 years old), ethnicity (Malay and Indian), more than 10 years of diabetes, obesity, early diabetes onset before 40 years, and dyslipidaemia were associated with poor glycaemic control.

CONCLUSION: These findings can provide the necessary guidance for the stakeholders in identifying T2DM patients at risk of poor glycaemic control so that early preventive measures and organised care can be provided for the patients.

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