Evaluation of IGF-1, TNF-α, and TGF-β Gene Expression after Oral Vitamin D Supplementation in School-Aged Children with Chronic Bronchial Asthma

Abeer Ramadan; Sara Sallam; Rasha Yousef; Mai Elsheikh; Asmaa Ali; Yasmine Elhusseny; Sally Ishak

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.9266

Authors

Abeer Ramadan Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, Human Genetics and Genomic Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5757-1769
Sara Sallam Department of Child Health, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Rasha Yousef Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Mai Elsheikh Department of Complementary Medicine, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Asmaa Ali Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Abbassia Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt
Yasmine Elhusseny Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
Sally Ishak Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9266

Keywords:

Vitamin D, Bronchial asthma, TNF-α, IGF-1, TGF-β, Gene expression

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Airway remodeling in children with bronchial asthma is due to the effect of inflammatory mediators and growth factors on the bronchial epithelium. Vitamin D (VitD) has immunomodulatory effect in many inflammatory diseases as bronchial asthma. The ant-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic role of VitD could prevent or improve air way remodeling in asthmatic patients.

AIM: The study investigated the effect of VitD supplementation on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and insulin growth factor 1(IGF-1) and to correlate them with asthma severity and level of control.

METHODS: The serum level of VitD and the mRNA expression of IGF-1, TGF-β, and TNF-α were estimated in 50 patients and 20 healthy controls control subjects using quantitative PCR in real-time. Asthmatic patients with VitD deficiency received VitD supplementation for 2 months followed by remeasurement of serum VitD and the genes expression TGF-β, TNF-α, and IGF-1.

RESULT: Pre-intake of VitD and serum level of VitD were lower in all patients than control subjects (p = 0.005). VitD level was directly correlated with IGF-1 mRNA expression, which was indirectly correlated with TGF-β, r = 0.5 and −0.57; p = 0.0001 and 0.002, respectively. After VitD supplementation, the expression of the TGF-β mRNA gene was the only gene that decreased significantly (p = 0.04) together with improved asthma control and spirometric parameters.

CONCLUSIONS: VitD supplementation down regulated the gene expression of TGF-β and improved asthma control level, but it did not significantly affect the gene expression of TNF-α and IGF-1.

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