Association between the Habitual Snack Consumption at School and the Prevalence of Overweight in Adolescent Students in Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

Lilik Hidayanti; M. Zen Rahfiludin; Sri Achadi Nugraheni; Retno Murwani

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.9858

Authors

Lilik Hidayanti Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
M. Zen Rahfiludin Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
Sri Achadi Nugraheni Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
Retno Murwani Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia; Natural Product Laboratory, Centre of Research and Services, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9858

Keywords:

Adolescent, Schoolchildren, Overweight, Sweet fried snacks

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, More than 340 million children and adolescents have overweight problems, and snacking habits are likely contributing factors. However, little is known about habitual snack consumption in school, especially regarding snack types that may lead to overweight.

Purpose: Our study aims to analyse the association between habitual snack consumption and the prevalence of overweight in junior high school students.

Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia, involving 397 participants from five public junior high schools. The habitual snack consumption included the consumption habits of various types of snacks (sweet-fried snacks, salty-fried snacks, sweet-non-fried snacks, salty-non-fried snacks, fruits, and sugar-sweetened beverages) measured by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and categorised into rarely and often. The overweight status was determined based on the BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) and categorised into not-overweight and overweight. We analysed the data using a logistic regression test.

Results: The habits of often consuming sweet-fried snacks (p<0.001; aOR=5.448; 95% CI=2.303–12.886), salty-fried snacks (p=0.040; aOR=3.662; 95%CI=1.063-12.621), and sugar-sweetened beverages (p=0.026; aOR= 3.100; 95%CI=1.143-8.407) were risk factors associated with overweight.

Conclusion: The habit of often consuming sweet-fried snacks was a risk factor for being overweight with the greatest odds. Therefore, education on healthy snacks could be included in school learning materials to prevent overweight in adolescent students.

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