Potential for Predicting Lymph-node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type Using MT1-MMP Immunohistochemistry Staining

Primariadewi Rustamadji; Elvan Wiyarta; Kristina Anna Bethania

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2023.9939

Authors

Primariadewi Rustamadji Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2325-1091
Elvan Wiyarta Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-7804
Kristina Anna Bethania Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-0369

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.9939

Keywords:

Membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase, Breast cancer, Immunohistochemistry, Metastasis, Lymph-node

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lymph-node metastasis (LNM) is the most frequent complication of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC).

AIM: Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), this study aims to determine the role of membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) expression as a biomarker for LNM in IBC of no special type (IBC-NST).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary tumors from individuals with IBC-NST were preserved in paraffin and then categorized as having LNM or not. Tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor grade, MT1-MMP expression, and other factors were evaluated across a range of ages. MT1-MMP expression was assessed by IHC, with supplemental data acquired from archives. Collecting and analyzing the data required the use of both bivariate and multivariate techniques.

RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for LNM was 5.003 (95% CI: 1.68–20.61) for MT1-MMP expression, while the OR for LVI was 4.71 (95% CI: 1.57–18.8). These associations were found using the Firth penalized likelihood Logit analysis method. At an H-score cutoff of 202.22 (70.8% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity), an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.9130.038 (95% CI: 0.838–0.989) was found for MT1-MMP expression in diagnosing LNM.

CONCLUSION: In conjunction with LVI, MT1-MMP expression may serve as a predictor of LNM. To further assist data separation in future research, the MT1-MMP expression H-score cutoff of 202.22 could be used.

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