Macro- and Micronutrient of Junk Food and Preeclampsia on Pregnant Women

Fitriani Hamsir; Suryani As’ad; Andi Mardiah Tahir; Deviana Soraya; Masita Fujiko; Sitti Maisuri T. Chalid; Irfan Idris; Agussalim Bukhari; Mochammad Hatta; Burhanuddin Bahar; Suradi Efendi

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.9949

Authors

Fitriani Hamsir Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia; Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIK), Makassar, Indonesia
Suryani As’ad Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Andi Mardiah Tahir Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Deviana Soraya Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Masita Fujiko Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia Muslim University, Makassar, Indonesia
Sitti Maisuri T. Chalid Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Irfan Idris Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Agussalim Bukhari Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Mochammad Hatta Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Burhanuddin Bahar Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Suradi Efendi Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIK), Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9949

Keywords:

Preeclampsia, Junk food, Pregnant women, Macronutrient, Micronutrient

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is still a global public health issue in developed and developing countries. It is a major contributor to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia during pregnancy is unclear, but the WHO reported that PE is higher in developing countries than developed ones due to lifestyle and nutritional status.

AIM: This study aimed to describe the influence of macro- and micronutrients of junk food on PE.

METHODS: This case–control study was carried out on 148 samples, including pregnant women with preeclampsia (n = 74) and normal pregnant women (n = 74) with gestational age > 20 weeks. Data on junk food intake were collected using the SQ-FFQ form and then estimated using the Nutri Survey. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 17 using descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to observe the correlation between variables with p < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS: Binary logistic regression revealed that the intake of fat (p = 0.005), vitamin C (p = 0.002), and sodium (p = 0.036) contained in the junk food were significantly associated with PE. The frequency of consumption of junk food also had a significant effect on the incidence of preeclampsia (p = 0.013).

CONCLUSION: Intake of fat, vitamin C, and sodium were associated with PE, and they were risk factors of PE. The frequency of consuming junk food gave more risk to have PE.

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