Role of Exosomes Derived from Secretome Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (Exo-HUVEC) as Anti-Apoptotic, Anti-Oxidant, and Increasing Fibroblast Migration in Photoaging Skin Models

Endra Yustin Ellistasari; Harijono Kariosentono; Bambang Purwanto; Brian Wasita; Risya Cilmiaty Arief Riswiyant; Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari; Soetrisno Soetrisno

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.9969

Authors

Endra Yustin Ellistasari Department of Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-3915
Harijono Kariosentono Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Bambang Purwanto Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Brian Wasita Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Risya Cilmiaty Arief Riswiyant Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Soetrisno Soetrisno Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9969

Keywords:

Exo-HUVEC, Fibroblast migration, MDA, PI/Annexin

Abstract

Background: Prolonged skin exposure to ultraviolet light rays leads to photoaging, which is characterized molecularly by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell apoptosis, and a decrease in collagen. Photoaging therapy has been a challenge until recently. Fibroblasts exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) light proved to be a good model for photoaging skin. They are also the primary dermal cells that stimulate collagen production and extracellular matrix (ECM), which contribute to skin aging. Exo-HUVEC is rich in growth factors, cytokines, and miRNAs, and they all play a vital role in cell-to-cell communication. The migration of fibroblasts is crucial for the development, repair, and regeneration of skin tissue during the repair of skin aging.

Objective: An in vitro experimental study was conducted to analyze the effect of Exo-HUVEC on oxidative stress levels, cell apoptosis, and fibroblast migration rate after UVB ray exposure on fibroblasts.

Methods: The fibroblast cultures were divided into five groups, including one without UVB exposure, one with UVB exposure, and one with UVB+Exo-HUVEC exposure at 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%, respectively. Oxidative stress levels were measured using the ELISA test for malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis using PI/Annexin markers, while a scratch assay examination was used to measure fibroblast migration rate using imaging readings.

Results: There were significant differences in the levels of MDA, PI/Annexin, and the rate of fibroblast migration between the UVB-irradiated control group and the Exo-HUVEC treatment group (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Exo-HUVEC is a marker of photoaging improvement, which has anti-apoptotic effects and reduces oxidative stress, as well as increases fibroblast migration rate.

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