The Relationship between Risk Factors of Head Trauma with CT Scan Findings in Children with Minor Head Trauma Admitted to Hospital

Authors

  • Babak Masoumi Emergency Medicine Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
  • Farhad Heydari Emergency Medicine Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
  • Hamidreza Hatamabadi Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
  • Reza Azizkhani Emergency Medicine Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  • Zahra Yoosefian Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
  • Majid Zamani Emergency Medicine Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.071

Keywords:

CT scan, risk factors, head trauma, children

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In emergency medicine for determining the intracranial injury (ICI) in children with head trauma, usually brain CT scan is performed. Since brain CT scan, especially in children, has some disadvantages, it is better to find a procedure which could help to choose only the children with real head trauma injury for brain CT scan.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to find such procedure. This study was descriptive, analytic and non-interventional.

METHODS: We reviewed the archived files of children with head trauma injuries referred to the emergency department of Imam Hossein Hospital within two years. Patient’s CT scan findings and head trauma risk factors were evaluated in this study.

RESULTS: Out of 368 patients, 326 patients had normal brain CT scan. 28 of them showed symptoms of ICI consisting intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), contusion, subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), subdural haemorrhage (SDH), epidural hematoma (EDH), and pneumocephalus. Twenty-seven patients showed skull FX, which 14 of them had an Isolated fracture, and 13 of them also showed symptoms of ICI. Since patients with isolated FX usually discharge quickly from Emergency Department; their data did not include in results of the study. The patients have been divided into two groups: 1- ICI, 2- without ICI. RR (relative risk), CI (Confidence interval) and sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and association of these risk factors with ICI were assessed with the Chi-2 test. In the end to determine the indications of CT scan, the presence of one of these five risk factors is important including abnormal mental status, clinical symptoms of skull FX, history of vomiting, craniofacial soft tissue injury (including subgaleal hematomas or laceration) and headache.

CONCLUSIONS: For all other patients without these risk factors, observation and Follow Up can be used which has more advantages and less cost.

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References

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Published

2017-06-03

How to Cite

1.
Masoumi B, Heydari F, Hatamabadi H, Azizkhani R, Yoosefian Z, Zamani M. The Relationship between Risk Factors of Head Trauma with CT Scan Findings in Children with Minor Head Trauma Admitted to Hospital. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2017 Jun. 3 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];5(3):319-23. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/oamjms.2017.071

Issue

Section

B - Clinical Sciences