Evaluation of Fast Glycaemia in Hypertonic Population that Suffer from Diabetes: The Importance of Self-Monitoring of Glycemic Level and the Effects of Interactions, with the Aim of Reducing the Levels of Fast Glycaemia in These Patients

Abstract

AIM: Identification of glycemic level tendency rates in a hypertonic population that suffers from diabetes mellitus in Health Centre Nr. 1, Tirana, evaluation of self-monitoring and the effects of interactions, with the aim of reducing the levels of fast glycaemia in these patients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the study participated 810 patients of Health Centre Nr 1 in Tirana that suffer from hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. The study was conducted through 10 months’ period. The patients that owned glucometer passed through the process of calibration of the devices, the others that had no glucometer had been given one. All the patients had been instructed how to use the device properly. Informative and educative materials regarding hypertension and diabetes were given to them. A standardised table was used to collect all the data. Changes in therapy were done regarding the glycemic levels.

RESULTS: The most of the patient shown an important improvement in glycemic rates during ten months of study. From 810 patients, 617 of them shown an improvement of the glycemic level data (median = 24 mg/dl; IQR: 14 – 50 mg/dl), and the other 193 patients have shown no improvement (n = 11) or aggravation (n = 182). The data showed that the patients that had no improvement during the study have diabetes type one (40%), they that have shown improvement has diabetes type 2 (33%) The difference between 2 those groups were insignificant (p = 0.075). The data of glycemic levels shown a significant decreased of 19% of basal glycemic levels (128 ± 31 vs. 158 ± 55 mg/dl: p < 0.05) at the end of the study, and decreased of glycemic levels was visible especially after the first month of the study, in both groups male and females.

CONCLUSION: A total of 205 therapy changes like adding a new or two drugs or an increase of doses of the drugs, are done in some 181 patients that have diabetes, with a frequency of 1.1 changes in therapy per patient.